{"id":77141,"date":"2019-12-25T03:09:33","date_gmt":"2019-12-25T11:09:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/?p=77141"},"modified":"2021-11-03T02:06:37","modified_gmt":"2021-11-03T09:06:37","slug":"alzheimers-disease-prevention","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/alzheimers-disease-prevention\/","title":{"rendered":"Can Natural Strategies Help Prevent Alzheimer\u2019s Disease?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Some evidence-based natural strategies are being researched for preventing Alzheimer\u2019s disease, but there\u2019s no strong evidence to recommend any single intervention. Read on to learn about the evidence behind lifestyle and supplements that are hypothesized to reduce the risk of Alzheimer\u2019s and support your brain health.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Alzheimers_Disease_Prevention_Does_it_Exist\"><strong>Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Prevention: Does it Exist?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"Possible_Causes_and_Course_of_Alzheimers\">Possible Causes and Course of Alzheimer\u2019s<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>There is currently no known cure for Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD).<\/p>\n<p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease is complex and scientists are still trying to understand its causes and course. The disease is described as progressive, which means that it gradually gains force to and destroys brain function, causing severe memory loss [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1552526019300317\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Being diagnosed with Alzheimer\u2019s disease changes a person\u2019s life. It requires careful medical monitoring and treatment, as well as a safe and supportive environment.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"How_Much_Do_We_Know_About_Prevention\"><strong>How Much Do We Know About Prevention?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Scientists are investigating whether any natural strategies can help prevent Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Experiments are still in the early stages and we\u2019ve outlined the existing research efforts in this article for informational purposes.<\/p>\n<p>According to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCIH) [<a href=\"https:\/\/nccih.nih.gov\/health\/alzheimer\/ataglance\">R<\/a>]:<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201cCurrently, there is no strong evidence that any complementary health approach or diet can prevent cognitive impairment.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Therefore, there is no proven way to prevent Alzheimer\u2019s disease or dementia.<\/p>\n<p>Nonetheless, we have solid evidence that some factors associated with leading a healthy lifestyle may play a role in reducing the risk of these diseases. But more research is needed before these approaches are proven to be effective for Alzheimer&#8217;s disease prevention.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"The_Modern_Lifestyle_Hypothesis\"><strong>The Modern Lifestyle Hypothesis<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Though Alzheimer\u2019s is commonly diagnosed in people over 65 years old, many people nowadays start to experience signs of <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/brainfog\/\">cognitive decline<\/a> at a much younger age.<\/p>\n<p>For this reason, Alzheimer\u2019s is now being reframed by some scientists as a disease of the modern, sedentary, unhealthy lifestyle &#8211; much like obesity and type 2 diabetes. This stance is still experimental, however [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18570697\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Nonetheless, based on this theory, scientists speculate that the type of lifestyle someone leads can have a large impact on brain health.<\/p>\n<p>They say that just as people are told to watch their intake of <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/is-salt-good-or-bad-the-science-on-the-health-effects-of-salt\/\">salt<\/a> and saturated fats to reduce heart disease risk, so they may need to be told to supply their brain the nutrients it needs to work at its best.<\/p>\n<p>This way, people would be shifting their \u201cbrain environment\u201d to one that might theoretically offset Alzheimer\u2019s and other neurodegenerative diseases.<\/p>\n<p><strong>No clinical evidence backs up this hypothesis, though. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, there\u2019s evidence that type 2 diabetes and heart disease are strongly linked to the development of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. These chronic diseases can be prevented by eating a healthy diet and exercising. By lowering your risk of one chronic disease, you might also lower your risk of many others &#8211; killing two birds with one stone [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3641811\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4226863\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4265876\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3045545\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"The_Right_Time_for_Prevention\"><strong>The Right Time for Prevention?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The right time for Alzheimer\u2019s disease prevention is as soon as possible, if a healthy lifestyle is taken to mean prevention. It\u2019s never too early to establish healthy habits.<\/p>\n<p>Small brain changes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease occur 20 years before people experience the first symptoms. Scientists hypothesize that it might be at this stage &#8211; or before &#8211; that lifestyle choices might have the biggest impact. More research is needed to determine this, however [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1552526019300317\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"When_to_See_a_Doctor\">When to See a Doctor<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>If your goal is to improve your brain health to deal with your cognitive issues &#8211; including those of poor memory, forgetfulness, or personality changes &#8211; it\u2019s important to talk to your doctor, especially your symptoms are significantly impacting your daily life.<\/p>\n<p>Major memory and behavior changes &#8211; such as forgetting recent events or conversations, misplacing your possessions, getting lost in familiar places, having trouble finding the right words to describe something, and low mood or apathy &#8211; are all reasons to see a doctor.<\/p>\n<p>Many conditions, some of which are treatable, can result in poor memory or other symptoms of cognitive impairment or dementia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Your doctor should diagnose and treat the condition causing your symptoms.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Likewise, if you are concerned about the symptoms of someone close to you, talk to them about scheduling a doctor\u2019s appointment and going there together.<\/p>\n<p>Many people with cognitive decline are not fully aware of their own memory and behavior, and the support of loved ones can be indispensable.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Precautions\">Precautions<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Remember, changes in brain chemistry are not something that people can change on their own with the approaches listed below. Instead, the factors listed here are meant to support overall brain health and well-being.<\/p>\n<p>The main idea is that living a healthy lifestyle, eating nutritious foods, getting quality <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/health-benefits-sleep\/\">sleep<\/a>, and engaging in <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-14-proven-health-benefits-exercise-references-mechanisms\/\">exercise<\/a> is critical for maintaining a healthy brain &#8211; and sharp memory &#8211; as we age [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3641811\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4226863\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4265876\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3045545\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><strong>You may try the additional strategies listed below if you and your doctor determine that they could be appropriate<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Read through the approaches listed here and discuss them with your doctor before trying them out. None of these strategies should ever be done in place of what your doctor recommends or prescribes.<\/p>\n<p>Have in mind that supplements have not been approved by the FDA for medical use or Alzheimer\u2019s disease prevention. Supplements generally lack solid clinical research. Regulations set manufacturing standards for them but don&#8217;t guarantee that they&#8217;re safe or effective.<\/p>\n<p>Lastly, supplement-drug interactions can be dangerous and, in rare cases, even life-threatening. That\u2019s why it\u2019s so important to consult your doctor before supplementing and let them know about all drugs and supplements you are using or considering.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"sh-partner shp-button sponsored sh-et-7388fa\">\n  <div>\n          <div class=\"partner-heading\">Joint Pain?<\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"partner-content\">\n      <p>Genetics can affect which strategies may work best to help manage your joint pain! The SelfDecode Joint Pain DNA Wellness Report gives your genetic risk score and <strong>personalized\u00a0<\/strong>recommendations based on over 380,000 genetic variants.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n          <a class=\"partner-button\" href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/?utm_source=selfhacked&amp;amp;utm_medium=partnerad&amp;amp;utm_campaign=joint-pain-report\">Check My Joint Pain Genes<\/a>\n      <\/div>\n          <style>aside.sponsored.sh-et-7388fa::before{content:\"Advertisement\"}<\/style>\n<\/aside>\n<h2><span id=\"Complementary_Approaches_Researched_for_Alzheimers_Disease_Prevention\">Complementary Approaches Researched for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Prevention<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"Likely_Effective\"><strong>Likely Effective:<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3><span id=\"1_Regular_Exercise\"><strong>1) Regular Exercise<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Studies show that exercise is one of the most important ways to support brain health. It has been hypothesized to prevent or improve dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Exercise may improve <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/15-ways-improve-brain-circulation\/\">brain blood flow<\/a> and potentially increase the size of the hippocampus (the brain\u2019s memory center) and stimulate the birth of new brain cells [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28067736\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27539597\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26971938\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>A review study involving more than 160k people suggested that physical exercise may cut the risk of developing Alzheimer\u2019s disease in half [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18570697\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3258000\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26556087\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Moderate aerobic exercise or cardio seems to be good for reducing the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia that comes with aging, according to some evidence. But even strength training appears to work well, according to some studies [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18570697\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3258000\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26556087\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<div class=\"sh-summary\"><div class=\"sh-summary-content\">Exercise improves blood flow to the brain and potentially helps lower Alzheimer\u2019s disease risk, but more research is needed.<\/div><\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"2_Heart-Healthy_Diets\"><strong>2) Heart-Healthy Diets <\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Some evidence suggests that a heart-healthy diet may also help protect the brain. This does not have to mean following any specific diet. A heart-healthy diet is typically described as one that limits the intake of sugar and unhealthy fats and places emphasis on eating plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.<\/p>\n<p>Two diets of this type are commonly mentioned: the Mediterranean diet and the DASH diet.<\/p>\n<h4>The DASH Diet Controversy<\/h4>\n<p>The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet highlights vegetables, fruits, and fat-free or low-fat dairy products. It includes whole grains, fish, poultry, beans, seeds, nuts, and vegetable oils; it limits sodium, sweets, sugary beverages, and red meats.<\/p>\n<p>The main issue with the DASH diet is that recent studies go against some of its core features. For one, the DASH diet emphasizes low-fat or fat-free foods. Strong evidence now suggests that olive oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and some other types of fat are healthy and good for the heart [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5577766\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/29141571\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5827911\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>What\u2019s more, recent studies suggest that ill-famed saturated fats should also be part of a healthy diet &#8211; in moderation. One scientist concluded that \u201csaturated fat is not the villain we once thought it was.\u201d [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/30084105\">R<\/a>]<\/p>\n<p>This goes to say that we have probably much more to learn about different types of fat and their impact on heart and brain health. But what we do know so far is that no good evidence supports avoiding fats altogether in most people.<\/p>\n<p>Additionally, some people don\u2019t tolerate legumes and may have a hard time staying on the DASH diet.<\/p>\n<p>To add another layer of complexity, even people who don\u2019t have food intolerances struggle to follow this diet in a healthy way.<\/p>\n<p>If you just replace oil with a low-fat fast food (that may also be higher in salt, sugar, and\/or additives), you are not doing this diet right. It was meant to &#8211; and studied in the scenario of &#8211; replacing fats with vegetables, fruits, and other healthy high-fiber whole foods [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/31175807\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Lastly, most studies compared the DASH diet to a typical American diet, which includes mainly unhealthy processed foods in large quantities. Therefore, there\u2019s no evidence that the DASH diet is better than other healthy diets that provide balanced amounts of nutrients and energy.<\/p>\n<p>All in all, many inconsistencies surround this diet, typically recommended by the American Heart Association (AHA). Future scientific reviews should take these nuances in mind to determine its true value in preventing heart disease in the general population.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, we\u2019ll mainly focus on the Mediterranean diet in this post.<\/p>\n<h4>The Meditteranean Diet<\/h4>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/the-resistant-starch-diet-the-most-effective-diet-for-weight-loss\/\">Mediterranean diet<\/a> consists of foods that cultures surrounding the Mediterranean sea traditionally eat. It abounds in fruits, vegetables, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/olive-oil\/\">olive oil<\/a>, and seafood.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/mind-diet\/\">The MIND diet<\/a> is a modified version of the standard protocol that emphasizes brain-healthy foods.<\/p>\n<p>Following the Mediterranean diet can significantly reduce the risk of <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/alzheimer\/\">Alzheimer&#8217;s<\/a> disease, according to review studies. It also was also associated with a reduced risk of dying from the disease in some studies [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3024594\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24164735\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19204158\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2673956\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In a study of 278 older people, brain scans revealed that those who followed the Mediterranean diet had lower levels of beta-amyloid protein in their brains [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6031931\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The Mediterranean diet is rich in olive oil, which has been hypothesized to help prevent Alzheimer\u2019s. However, clinical data are lacking.<\/p>\n<p>In a mouse study, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/olive-oil\/\">olive oil<\/a> improved memory and stimulated the creation of new cells in the hippocampus. In another mouse study, olive oil increased enzymes that clear beta-amyloid and tau proteins in the brain [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24192327\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23414128\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The Mediterranean diet is also rich in fruits and vegetables: good sources of <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/potassium\/\">potassium<\/a>. Higher intakes of potassium may help prevent the onset of Alzheimer\u2019s disease, according to one theory that has yet to be clinically verified [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26391254\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Increased potassium intake reduced beta-amyloid in brain tissues, improved cognitive performance, and decreased markers of inflammation and <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/oxidative-stress-101\/\">oxidative stress<\/a> in a study on mice [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26391254\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<div class=\"sh-summary\"><div class=\"sh-summary-content\">The Mediterranean diet likely supports brain and heart health. It\u2019s also being researched for reducing the risk of developing Alzheimer\u2019s disease, cognitive impairment, and dementia.<\/div><\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"Insufficient_Evidence_for\">Insufficient Evidence for:<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3><span id=\"3_Get_Enough_Sleep\"><strong>3) Get Enough Sleep<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Scientists say that, when we are awake, waste products such as beta-amyloid proteins naturally accumulate in the brain. <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/health-benefits-sleep\/\">During sleep<\/a>, the brain clears these waste products. But when sleep is diminished or disturbed, the waste products can accumulate and cause damage to neurons. In the long run, this can lead to cognitive impairment and dementia, including Alzheimer\u2019s disease [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26996255\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>While plausible, this theory has yet to be confirmed in large and properly-designed human studies. Nonetheless, getting quality sleep on a regular basis undoubtedly supports brain health and general wellness.<\/p>\n<p>One review of observational studies including nearly 250k people revealed that those with sleep disturbances had an increased risk of developing dementia [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28890168\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Studies in both humans and animals have shown that sleep deprivation or disturbance is linked with increased beta-amyloid and tau protein in the brain. What\u2019s worse, as more of these waste products build up, they disrupt the <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/what-it-means-to-keep-to-a-circadian-rhythm\/\">sleep-wake cycle<\/a> and fragment sleep. This might create a vicious cycle in which poor sleep worsens Alzheimer\u2019s, and Alzheimer\u2019s worsens sleep [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24366271\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25405649\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/29563238\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>If you have sleep problems, read through <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/methods-to-fall-asleep-insomniac\/\">this list<\/a> of science-based sleep-hacking tips.<\/p>\n<div class=\"sh-summary\"><div class=\"sh-summary-content\">High-quality sleep is crucial for your brain health. Make sure to regularly get enough sleep to potentially minimize your risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.<\/div><\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"4_Stop_Smoking\"><strong>4) Stop Smoking<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>There\u2019s been a lot of controversy about whether cigarette smoking increases or decreases Alzheimer\u2019s risk. According to the latest research, smoking greatly increases the risk. It triggers oxidative stress in the brain and damages brain cells [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4098701\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>If you are a smoker, you can reduce your risk of developing Alzheimer\u2019s disease in half by stopping in time. According to an observational study of more than 20k people, smoking increases the risk of Alzheimer\u2019s by more than 100%. Smoking during midlife (40-55 years old) is particularly damaging to the brain [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20975015\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<div class=\"sh-summary\"><div class=\"sh-summary-content\">Stop smoking to reduce your risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and improve your brain health.<\/div><\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"Possibly_Effective\"><strong>Possibly Effective:<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3><span id=\"5_Education_Studying\"><strong>5) Education &amp; Studying<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>According to some evidence, people with higher education levels (and higher income) have a lower risk of developing AD. One theory attempts to explain this association by claiming that your years of studying can build your <em>cognitive reserves<\/em> [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2739591\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9362989\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23079557\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Just as the term suggests, your cognitive reserves reflect your mental capacities. You need to \u201cput in\u201d to your cognitive reserves throughout your life.<\/p>\n<p>As you study new topics and acquire complex knowledge, sets of connections are strengthened between neurons in your brain. Strong and diverse connections are thought to make people more resilient to cognitive decline [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2739591\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9362989\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23079557\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>When connections are lost during the progression of Alzheimer\u2019s disease, the brain might be able to compensate with alternate routes of communication built during the years of study [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2739591\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9362989\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23079557\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>This doesn\u2019t mean that you should enroll in a college program or start a Ph.D. Nor does it mean your cognitive reserves are low if you didn\u2019t get an advanced degree in school.<\/p>\n<p>Your cognitive reserves depend on how much time you spent studying in your life. This usually correlates with years spent in school, but it doesn\u2019t have to.<\/p>\n<p>If you prefer to study by yourself &#8211; and are persistent about it &#8211; you can probably build your cognitive reserves as much as someone completing a university-level degree.<\/p>\n<div class=\"sh-summary\"><div class=\"sh-summary-content\">Scientists think that the more time a person spends studying in your life, the higher their cognitive reserves will be. This might make the brain more resilient to Alzheimer\u2019s.<\/div><\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"6_Social_and_Mental_Activity\"><strong>6) Social and Mental Activity<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Keeping your brain as active as possible through mentally stimulating activities, especially later in life, is also hypothesized to help keep Alzheimer\u2019s disease at bay.<\/p>\n<p>Researchers say that mental activity may help prevent or delay the onset of dementia and other cognitive disorders that come with aging. Research suggests that stimulating the brain this way might increase connections between brain cells, the size of the brain, and the health of white matter (which sort of works to \u201ctie\u201d brain cells together) [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/11851541\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21818703\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Reading, playing games, doing puzzles or even dancing are great for helping elderly people stay sharp. Some scientists say we should think of the brain as a muscle and apply the \u201cuse it or lose it\u201d principle to maintain its health [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1151037\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6511097\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<div class=\"sh-summary\"><div class=\"sh-summary-content\">Mentally-stimulating activities and socializing keep your brain active and potentially help prevent Alzheimer\u2019s and dementia.<\/div><\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"7_Reduce_Stress\"><strong>7) Reduce Stress<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/stress-bad-uncovering-hidden-effects-stress\/\">Chronic stress<\/a> might contribute to the development and progression of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. It also likely contributes to many chronic diseases, including heart disease, and worsens mental health in the long run [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22473079\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Mice studies show that <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/why-your-health-problems-worsen-after-stress-the-role-of-crh\/\">corticotropin-releasing hormone<\/a> (<a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/why-your-health-problems-worsen-after-stress-the-role-of-crh\/\">CRH<\/a>), released from the pituitary gland as part of the <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/factors-counteract-stress-response\/\">stress response<\/a>, stimulates the production of beta-amyloid proteins [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26206000\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5479037\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/need-know-cortisol-health-effects\/\">The <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/63-factors-raising-stress-cortisol-level-backed-science\/\">stress<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/need-know-cortisol-health-effects\/\"> hormone cortisol<\/a> might be equally harmful, according to animal experiments. In mice studies, cortisol stimulates the accumulation of both beta-amyloid and tau proteins [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16943563\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5479037\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Read about factors that may inhibit the stress response and reduce cortisol in <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/factors-counteract-stress-response\/\">this post<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"8_Protect_Your_Head\"><strong>8) Protect Your Head<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A systematic review of studies involving more than 2 million people revealed that head injury increases the risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease by 50% and the risk of any type of dementia by more than 60% [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5221805\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Your choice of profession may also influence your risk of head injury and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. People who experience recurrent head injuries due to their profession, such as football players, are four times more likely to develop a neurodegenerative disorder [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4098841\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Insufficient_Evidence\"><strong>Insufficient Evidence:<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The following substances and lifestyle changes have shown promise for Alzheimer\u2019s disease prevention in limited, low-quality clinical studies.<\/p>\n<p><strong>There is currently insufficient evidence to support the use of the approaches listed below for Alzheimer&#8217;s disease prevention, and they should never replace what your doctor prescribes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"9_Vitamin_D\"><strong>9) Vitamin D<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/avoiding-sun-will-kill-14-proven-science-based-health-benefits-sun\/\">Getting more sun<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/35proven-health-benefits-vitamin-d-part-1\/\">taking a vitamin D supplement<\/a> has been researched for reducing the risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease, but no solid evidence is available [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23042216\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/nutritionj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12937-015-0063-7\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>A review study revealed that Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients have lower levels of vitamin D, compared to healthy people. Another review including nearly 10k people found that blood levels of vitamin D less than 50 nmol\/L were associated with a higher risk of AD and dementia [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23042216\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/nutritionj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12937-015-0063-7\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>A trial of 52 people suggested that vitamin D reduced beta-amyloid deposits and improved cognitive function, but only in those with mild cognitive impairment which precedes Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Patients with early Alzheimer\u2019s disease did not experience improvement [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/29283046\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Scientists are also using cell studies to explore if vitamin D stimulates immune cells to break down beta-amyloid deposits in the brain. At the same time, vitamin D is hypothesized to protect healthy brain cells against damage from beta-amyloid proteins, but this remains clinically unverified [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4040018\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20966550\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<div class=\"sh-summary\"><div class=\"sh-summary-content\">People with Alzheimer\u2019s disease may have lower vitamin D levels, but the impact of sun exposure and vitamin D on prevention are unclear.<\/div><\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"10_Polyphenols\"><strong>10) Polyphenols<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Despite some promising findings, no solid evidence is available to support the use of polyphenols for Alzheimer\u2019s prevention.<\/p>\n<p>Mild cognitive impairment is considered a precursor state to full-blown dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. A trial of 85 people found that those with mild cognitive impairment had lower levels of antioxidants, similar to what is seen in Alzheimer\u2019s. Whether increasing the body\u2019s antioxidant levels early helps prevent Alzheimer\u2019s is unknown, though [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18780972\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/nad-and-sirt1-their-role-in-chronic-health-issues\/\">Sirtuin 1<\/a> is an enzyme that protects against age-related diseases like Alzheimer\u2019s. It is controlled by the <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/nad-and-sirt1-their-role-in-chronic-health-issues\/\">SIRT1<\/a> gene. Studies have focused on increasing the activity of the <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/nad-and-sirt1-their-role-in-chronic-health-issues\/\">SIRT<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/gene\/sirt1\">1<\/a>, as it is hypothesized to reduce the conversion of amyloid precursor protein to beta-amyloid proteins based on mouse models of Alzheimer\u2019s [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3620486\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3163839\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The protein <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/nuclear-factor-kappa-b\/\">NF-\u03baB<\/a> is proposed to be a key mediator of aging. It is activated by toxic, oxidative, and inflammatory stressors. In mice studies, inhibition of NF-\u03baB leads to later onset of age-related symptoms and disorders [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3295063\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The following polyphenols are being researched for preventing age-related cell damage caused by <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/oxidative-stress-101\/\">reactive oxygen species<\/a> through increasing the activity of SIRT1 [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23831960\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2896035\/\">R<\/a>]:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-15-scientific-health-benefits-of-resveratrol-with-references\/\">Resveratrol<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/green-tea\/\">Epigallocatechin-3-gallate<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/green-tea\/\">EGCG<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/curcumin-cures-top-15-scientifically-proven-health-benefits-with-references\/\">Curcumin<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Human data are lacking.<\/p>\n<p>Scientists are investigating whether these compounds can reduce the formation of beta-amyloid deposits and improve communication between cells in test tubes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23831960\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2896035\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<div class=\"sh-summary\"><div class=\"sh-summary-content\">The impact of polyphenols such as resveratrol and EGCG on Alzheimer\u2019s disease prevention is unclear. Human studies are needed.<\/div><\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"11_Manganese\"><strong>11) Manganese<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A meta-analysis (17 studies, 2,090 subjects) suggested that patients with Alzheimer\u2019s have reduced blood <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/manganese\/\">manganese<\/a> levels. However, this was an association study only, and one that has not yet been replicated. Therefore, we can\u2019t know if getting enough manganese may help prevent Alzheimer\u2019s until proper human studies are carried out [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28273828\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Based on cellular research, some scientists are looking to determine if manganese deficiency can cause mitochondrial dysfunction and increase <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/glutamate\/\">glutamate<\/a> in the brain. These are both associated with Alzheimer\u2019s disease, but future animal and human experiments would need to verify this link [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4392553\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"12_HSV_PreventionAntivirals\">12) HSV Prevention\/Antivirals<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The link between HSV and Alzheimer\u2019s is still controversial and largely unconfirmed.<\/p>\n<p>According to an observational study of more than 30k people in Taiwan, participants carrying the herpes simplex virus (HSV) had an almost 3-fold risk of developing dementia. The study also found that those taking antivirals such as acyclovir had a 90% reduced risk compared to those who did not [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5935641\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>This study has several limitations and its findings have not yet been replicated.<\/p>\n<p>Other lines of evidence now point to the fact that people carrying the ApoE4 gene variant seem to be much more vulnerable to the effects of HSV. Carriers of <a href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/gene\/apoe\/?utm_source=seo&amp;#38;utm_medium=selfhacked&amp;#38;utm_campaign=id00002\">ApoE4<\/a> experience more frequent reactivations of the virus, and suffer higher levels of inflammation and cell damage [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6202583\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Scientists are also investigating whether the accumulation of beta-amyloid and tau proteins occurs in HSV infected cells in test tubes and whether HSV DNA is found in beta-amyloid deposits [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6202583\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Having several trajectories of intriguing findings in mind, the NIH recently announced that it is funding high-priority research to better determine the relationship between microbial infections and Alzheimer\u2019s disease [<a href=\"https:\/\/grants.nih.gov\/grants\/guide\/notice-files\/NOT-AG-19-012.html\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<div class=\"sh-summary\"><div class=\"sh-summary-content\">Antivirals are hypothesized to reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer\u2019s, while HSV infections are theorized to reduce it. More research is needed.<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"sh-summary\"><div class=\"sh-summary-content\"><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Takeaway\">Takeaway<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>There is no guaranteed way to prevent Alzheimer\u2019s disease.<\/p>\n<p>The main idea is that living a healthy lifestyle, eating nutritious foods, getting enough quality sleep, quitting smoking, and engaging in plenty of physical activity is critical to maintaining a healthy brain as you age. Engaging in mentally and socially stimulating activities might also help.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"Learn_More\">Learn More<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/is-alzheimers-genetic-the-real-causes-of-alzheimers\/\">Is Alzheimer\u2019s Genetic? The Possible Causes of Alzheimer\u2019s<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/alzheimers-disease-natural-treatments\/\">Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Complementary and Alternative Treatments<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Some evidence-based natural strategies are being researched for preventing Alzheimer\u2019s disease, but there\u2019s no strong evidence to recommend any single intervention. Read on to learn about the evidence behind lifestyle and supplements that are hypothesized to reduce the risk of Alzheimer\u2019s and support your brain health.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14267,"featured_media":77142,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[251,386],"tags":[279],"yst_prominent_words":[3553,32365,22786,817,16476,12526,22785,22787,32368,1212,32366,32367,7550,511,515,529,12187,3267,22783,480],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77141"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14267"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77141"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77141\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":103471,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77141\/revisions\/103471"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/77142"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77141"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77141"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77141"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=77141"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}