{"id":36435,"date":"2019-12-19T11:45:55","date_gmt":"2019-12-19T19:45:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/?p=36435"},"modified":"2021-09-20T09:18:41","modified_gmt":"2021-09-20T16:18:41","slug":"cyp2b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/cyp2b6\/","title":{"rendered":"CYP2B6 Enzyme Function &#038; Factors that Affect Activity"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>CYP2B6 is a detox enzyme that processes drugs such as efavirenz, bupropion, cyclophosphamide, and thiotepa. Variants in the <em>CYP2B6 <\/em>gene explain why these drugs can have different effects on different people. Read on to find out more about this enzyme, gene variants, and factors that increase or decrease its activity.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"What_is_CYP2B6\"><strong>What is CYP2B6?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>CYP2B6 is one of the <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/cyp-enzymes-interact-supplements-related-genes\/\">cytochrome P450<\/a> monooxygenases (CYPs). These are <strong>enzymes that eliminate most of the drugs and toxins<\/strong> from the human body (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4164225\/\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"CYP2B6_Function\"><strong>CYP2B6 Function<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>This enzyme metabolizes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/28-proven-health-benefits-nicotine-4-potential-risks\/\">Nicotine<\/a>. A small part of nicotine\u2019s metabolism (about 10%) occurs via CYP2B6 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4698159\/\">R<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Drugs such as <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/ketamine\/\">ketamine<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4541975\/\">R<\/a>), efavirenz (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2919241\/\">R<\/a>), bupropion, cyclophosphamide (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4667947\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24128861\">R<\/a>), thiotepa (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4658481\/\">R<\/a>), methadone (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21694616\">R<\/a>), and <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/mdma-2\/\">MDMA<\/a> (ecstasy) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28117133\">R<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"CYP2B6_Gene_Polymorphism\"><strong>CYP2B6 Gene Polymorphism<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>With over 100 described SNPs, CYP2B6 is one of the most variable CYP genes in humans (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17638512?dopt=Abstract\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"rs3745274\">rs3745274<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/snp\/rs3745274\/\">rs3745274<\/a> (T) is the most common and clinically significant variant. The T allele results in markedly reduced enzyme activity compared to the G allele (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4667947\/\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>This SNP is significant because it occurs commonly (particularly in Africans, Asians, and Hispanics) and influences important drugs that are processed by CYP2B6 (e.g. efavirenz, bupropion, cyclophosphamide) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4667947\/\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>The T variant is associated with slower metabolism of bupropion (it stays active longer) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4698159\/\">R<\/a>). In adult smokers, T was associated with higher abstinence rates (423 subjects) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17223085\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>The T allele was more frequent in nicotine-dependent individuals than in healthy controls (421 subjects) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4698159\/\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>People with the T variant tend to have a lower clearance of ketamine. This results in higher drug levels that may be associated with more frequent ketamine adverse effects (49 chronic <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/23-ways-to-combat-pain-naturally-by-increasing-your-opioids\/\">pain<\/a> patients) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4541975\/\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>The T variant is associated with a slower metabolism of efavirenz (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3086041\/\">R<\/a>). This means people with this variant will have increased efavirenz exposure and adverse effects associated with the nervous system (821 subjects) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2919241\/\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>Similarly, this variant affects nevirapine metabolism. Children with the TT genotype (two copies of the T allele) had improved immunological response to this drug (126 subjects) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18090046\/\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, CYP2B6 converts cyclophosphamide to its active form. Patients carrying at least one T are significantly less likely to achieve a complete response after chemotherapy with fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide (455 subjects) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24128861\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>People with G in this position have a higher clearance and a lower level of (S)-methadone (366 subjects) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21694616\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"rs28399499\">rs28399499<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>People with the rare C allele at <a href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/snp\/rs28399499\/\">rs28399499<\/a> tend to have lower enzyme activity. C variant was associated with increased efavirenz and nevirapine levels (821 and 371 subjects respectively) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2919241\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3596857\/\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"rs2279345\">rs2279345<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>People with <a href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/snp\/rs2279345\/\">the T allele at rs2279345<\/a> had a higher rate of clearance (and therefore a lower level) of (S)-methadone (366 patients) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21694616\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"rs2279343\">rs2279343<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/snp\/rs2279343\/\">RS2279343<\/a> G is associated with higher enzyme activity (64 subjects) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4667947\/\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>Smokers with A\/A had a higher smoking cessation success rate on bupropion therapy (478 subjects) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26153084\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>A\/G women with liver-metastatic breast cancer had a 47% reduced risk of death and a 6-month-longer overall survival on docetaxel and thiotepa therapy (153 patients) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26602960\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<aside class=\"sh-partner shp-form sponsored sh-et-7388fa\">\n  <div>\n          <div class=\"partner-heading\">Get the Regimen of A Top Biohacker<\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"partner-content\">\n      <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Joe Cohen is well-known for his work as a successful entrepreneur in the health field after he overcame his many health issues using a personalized regimen. Find out exactly which supplements he takes and what lifestyle changes Joe has made to maintain optimal health.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"subscribe-form-container\">\n      <form method=\"POST\" action=\"\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36435\" class=\"sh-subscribe-form\">\n        <input type=\"email\" name=\"subscribe_form_data[email]\"\n            pattern=\"^[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&\u2019*+\/=?^_`{|}~-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+(?:\\.[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)*$\" required\n            placeholder=\"Enter your email\">\n                  <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"subscribe_form_data[tags][]\" value=\"SH Optin: PartnerAd Joes Regimen\">\n                  <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"subscribe_form_data[tags][]\" value=\"SH Optin: Joes Regimen\">\n                  <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"subscribe_form_data[tags][]\" value=\"PartnerAd\">\n                <button type=\"submit\" class=\"btn btn-primary subscribe-submit\">Get The Regimen<\/button>\n      <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n          <style>aside.sponsored.sh-et-7388fa::before{content:\"Advertisement\"}<\/style>\n<\/aside>\n<h3><span id=\"rs8192719\">rs8192719<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Both the C\/T and T\/T genotypes at <a href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/snp\/rs8192719\/\">rs8192719<\/a> were associated with prolonged survival in breast cancer patients with liver metastasis on docetaxel and thiotepa therapy (153 patients) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26602960\">R<\/a>).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/snp\/rs1042389\/\">rs1042389<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/snp\/rs3181842\/\">rs3181842<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/snp\/rs3211371\/\">rs3211371<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/snp\/rs34223104\/\">rs34223104<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/snp\/rs36079186\/\">rs36079186<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/snp\/rs7260329\/\">rs7260329<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/snp\/rs8109848\/\">rs8109848<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/snp\/rs8192709\/\">rs8192709<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Increasing_or_Decreasing_CYP2B6\"><strong>Increasing or Decreasing CYP2B6<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Mainly in cell and animal studies, researchers have observed various substances that increase or decrease the activity of CYP2B6. For informative purposes, we have compiled some of these substances below. <strong>Talk to your doctor before taking any new supplements<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Natural_Substances_that_Increased_CYP2B6_Activity\"><strong>Natural Substances that Increased CYP2B6 Activity<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>17\u03b2-<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/estradiol\/\">estradiol<\/a> (E2) at high concentrations (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3376749\/\">R<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Natural_Substances_that_Decreased_CYP2B6_Activity\"><strong>Natural Substances that Decreased CYP2B6 Activity<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/19-health-benefits-of-berberine-with-references\/\">Berberine<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27311637\">R<\/a>), found in various plants<\/li>\n<li>Allyl isothiocyanate (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25069801\">R<\/a>), found in mustard, radish, horseradish, and wasabi<\/li>\n<li>Citral and geraniol (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18611395\">R<\/a>), found in the essences of flowers, plants oils, and herbal medicines<\/li>\n<li>Clopidogrel (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3555064\/\">R<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Further_Reading\">Further Reading<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/cyp-enzymes-interact-supplements-related-genes\/\">CYP Enzymes &amp; Medication Explained<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CYP2B6 is a detox enzyme that processes drugs such as efavirenz, bupropion, cyclophosphamide, and thiotepa. Variants in the <em>CYP2B6 <\/em>gene explain why these drugs can have different effects on different people. Read on to find out more about this enzyme, gene variants, and factors that increase or decrease its activity.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14185,"featured_media":35737,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[48,22,359],"tags":[279,280],"yst_prominent_words":[11572,11565,16746,11564,11559,11566,4195,11625,23714,23712,23713,23711,31419,11575,9378,2000,11574,11570,11569,11560],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36435"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14185"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36435"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36435\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":106762,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36435\/revisions\/106762"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35737"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36435"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36435"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36435"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=36435"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}