{"id":136763,"date":"2021-02-01T11:11:07","date_gmt":"2021-02-01T19:11:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/?p=136763"},"modified":"2021-11-03T02:07:35","modified_gmt":"2021-11-03T09:07:35","slug":"100-easy-ways-to-lower-your-blood-sugar-levels","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/100-easy-ways-to-lower-your-blood-sugar-levels\/","title":{"rendered":"100+ Easy Ways To Lower Your Blood Sugar Levels"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>In the following sections, we\u2019ll outline complementary approaches that may help lower your blood sugar levels. The below strategies are not meant to replace your standard medical treatment. Make sure to consult with your doctor before making any significant changes to your day-to-day routine.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Lifestyle\"><a id=\"post-136763-_uz76gcsjdtwn\"><\/a>Lifestyle\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"Maintaining_a_Healthy_Weight\"><a id=\"post-136763-_fiziqkjvweqn\"><\/a>Maintaining a Healthy Weight<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Being overweight or obese is the number one risk factor for high blood sugar levels, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin resistance<\/a>, and type 2 diabetes. Even a slight weight reduction can be beneficial [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3896971\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2857968\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5829255\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The single most important thing that can help you <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/a-comprehensive-list-of-effective-ways-to-lose-weight\/\">lose weight<\/a> is to consume fewer calories. Multiple studies show the effectiveness of calorie restriction in lowering blood glucose and insulin resistance [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/10102702\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4686951\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2677812\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4548160\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Exercise\"><a id=\"post-136763-_evdg0bwp9ua4\"><\/a>Exercise<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-14-proven-health-benefits-exercise-references-mechanisms\/\">Physical activity<\/a> is a great way to manage blood glucose levels, and it gets more effective with increased intensity and duration. Muscle activity burns glucose for energy and makes cells more sensitive to insulin [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3781559\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3587394\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26853238\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5510106\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30553010\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Managing_Stress\"><a id=\"post-136763-_6o6wwags9k4a\"><\/a>Managing Stress<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/63-factors-raising-stress-cortisol-level-backed-science\/\">Stress<\/a> increases the levels of hormones such as <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/need-know-cortisol-health-effects\/\">cortisol<\/a> and inflammatory cytokines. This results in reduced insulin production, higher insulin resistance, and increased sugar craving, ultimately leading to higher blood glucose levels [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28244581\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21883440\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23092890\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3672537\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Sunlight_Exposure\"><a id=\"post-136763-_4nmkr423i0w7\"><\/a>Sunlight Exposure<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/35proven-health-benefits-vitamin-d-part-1\/\">Vitamin D<\/a> deficiency has been associated with insulin resistance, prediabetes, type 1 and 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6520736\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27089407\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24050711\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3631845\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Vitamin D receptors are present in the pancreas, increasing insulin secretion and sensitivity [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/2705637\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>A moderate exposure to <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/avoiding-sun-will-kill-14-proven-science-based-health-benefits-sun\/\">sunlight<\/a> is the best way of increasing your blood vitamin D levels. In mice fed a <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/low-carb-diet-vs-high-carb-diet\/\">high-fat diet<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/avoiding-sun-will-kill-14-proven-science-based-health-benefits-sun\/\">UV<\/a> exposure (but not vitamin D supplementation) lowered weight gain, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25342734\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Yoga\"><a id=\"post-136763-_b8vm4jz4lqim\"><\/a>Yoga<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/health-benefits-yoga\/\">Yoga<\/a> reduced fasting and post-meal glucose levels and improved blood fat profile in multiple clinical trials on people with or at risk of type 2 diabetes, especially if combined with adequate treatment [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4987461\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5713721\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29685823\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5334310\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Quitting_Smoking\"><a id=\"post-136763-_bzpi3ylwdq2i\"><\/a>Quitting Smoking<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Smoking has been clearly associated with higher glycated <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/hemoglobin-good-bad-lab-tests-normal-values-reference-ranges\/\">hemoglobin<\/a>, a marker of long-term exposure to glucose that indicates poor blood glucose control and predicts risk of type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4240946\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4029457\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Similarly, women with gestational diabetes who smoked at the beginning of their pregnancy showed higher glycated hemoglobin levels and blood sugar spikes after an oral glucose tolerance test [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26416345\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<aside class=\"sh-partner shp-button sponsored sh-et-7388fa\">\n  <div>\n          <div class=\"partner-heading\">Do you have problems maintaining balance to your blood sugar levels?<\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"partner-content\">\n      <p>This Blood Sugar report is for you!<\/p>\n<p>Learn which of your genes can be contributing to your problem, and what you can do to counteract the negative effect of those genes!<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n          <a class=\"partner-button\" href=\"https:\/\/selfdecode.com\/?utm_source=selfhacked&amp;amp;utm_medium=partnerad&amp;amp;utm_campaign=blood-sugar-report\">Learn More<\/a>\n      <\/div>\n          <style>aside.sponsored.sh-et-7388fa::before{content:\"Advertisement\"}<\/style>\n<\/aside>\n<h3><span id=\"Avoiding_Air_Pollution\"><a id=\"post-136763-_oqu3u1si8kxy\"><\/a>Avoiding Air Pollution<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-17-negative-health-effects-pollution\/\">Air pollution<\/a> (particularly traffic pollution, nitrogen dioxide, tobacco smoke, and particulate matter) is a leading cause of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25635985\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6266153\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31252121\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5583950\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4902714\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Intermediate- and long-term exposure to pollution increases <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/intermittent-fasting\/\">fasting<\/a> glucose, glycated hemoglobin, blood fat levels, and the risk of heart disease and stroke, especially in people with type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27218271\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3950252\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20833756\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20190657\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Sleep_Quality\"><a id=\"post-136763-_w6l7cjkszcmn\"><\/a>Sleep Quality<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Research suggests that <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/sleep-neurophysiology\/\">sleep<\/a> deprivation and poor sleep quality decrease the ability of cells to react to insulin, leading to increases in blood sugar levels over time [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4526115\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/8338493\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3443761\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6306888\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Oral_Hygiene\"><a id=\"post-136763-_6s9yx77xzzrf\"><\/a>Oral Hygiene<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>People with good oral hygiene practices tend to have lower blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels. Conversely, gum disease has been associated with higher levels of these markers [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19486462\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3760365\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26369484\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4935949\/\">R<\/a>]<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Meditation\"><a id=\"post-136763-_qd42j1m0ckrp\"><\/a>Meditation<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a clinical trial on people with coronary artery disease, practicing <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/meditation\/\">meditation<\/a> reduced blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and fasting insulin levels after 6 months [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5934947\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Diet\"><a id=\"post-136763-_j70duloj9p6q\"><\/a>Diet<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"Cutting_Down_on_Refined_Carbohydrates\"><a id=\"post-136763-_uivwtytfbz30\"><\/a>Cutting Down on Refined Carbohydrates<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The digestion of dietary carbohydrates causes a spike in blood glucose, which the body counteracts by producing insulin to stimulate its uptake into the cells. A failure to react to insulin, called <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\"><em>insulin resistance<\/em><\/a>, causes sugar to build up in the blood. Over time, this damages the pancreas and leads to type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26177573\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The foods most likely to cause insulin resistance are those that greatly increase blood sugar levels (in other words, those with a high<em> glycemic index<\/em>). They include sugar-sweetened drinks, baked goods, candy, white bread, rice, and pasta, and their overconsumption is associated with type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2963518\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6627334\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30321274\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19079907\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Similarly, adopting diets low in refined carbohydrates has been shown to reduce glycated hemoglobin in people with type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27472929\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31338545\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Dietary_Fiber\"><a id=\"post-136763-_84kp5mxftu8c\"><\/a>Dietary Fiber<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>As opposed to refined carbohydrates, fiber delays blood glucose spikes and reduces insulin resistance. A diet rich in fiber sources such as whole grains, legumes, vegetables, and fruit has been associated with better <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin sensitivity<\/a> and a reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes in multiple studies [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17391554\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5852813\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29378044\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/14747241\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26840185\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5037534\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Dietary interventions replacing refined carbohydrates with fiber-rich foods significantly increased insulin sensitivity in healthy people and helped improve blood sugar control in those with type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16567814\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20420752\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4950069\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25527674\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4450120\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28429906\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5518808\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Foods enriched in soluble fibers such as beta glucans, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/glucomannan-benefits\/\">glucomannan<\/a>, and arabinoxylan were also effective in several clinical trials [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25561108\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18842808\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15042130\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16988651\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Resistant_Starch\"><a id=\"post-136763-_lc78hedm6jck\"><\/a>Resistant Starch<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/reistant1-what-is-resistant-starch-sources-how-to-increase-diet\/\">Resistant starches<\/a> are starches that are resistant to digestion in the small intestine. Therefore, they don\u2019t get absorbed (but fermented) in the gut and don\u2019t increase blood sugar like typical non-resistant (digestible) starches do [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/1330528\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5223246\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2656505\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In several clinical trials, dietary interventions increasing the intake of <a href=\"https:\/\/resources.selfdecode.com\/blog\/resistant-starch-what-you-need-to-know\/\">resistant starch<\/a> reduced sugar spikes after meals and <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/oxidative-stress-101\/\">oxidative stress<\/a>, thus helping control blood sugar levels and prevent diabetic complications [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22954674\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4616456\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30887937\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30982743\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15784985\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Dietary sources of resistant starch include coarsely-ground or whole cereal grains, seeds, legumes, starchy fruits (e.g., bananas), raw vegetables, and high-amylose starches [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25331334\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Vitamin_E\"><a id=\"post-136763-_ksz78x9lckml\"><\/a>Vitamin E<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A large-scale study associated high dietary intake of <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/vitamin-e-deficiency\/\">vitamin E<\/a> with a reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/14747214\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27383196\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Food sources of this vitamin include wheat germ, nuts, sunflower and sesame seeds, and their respective plant oils [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2956867\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In several clinical trials on people with type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome, including vitamin E-rich sesame oil in the diet reduced blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin, as well as lowering blood pressure and improving blood fat profile. In one of them, sesame oil enhanced the effects of the antidiabetic drug glibenclamide [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17004907\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27046245\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30260748\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31089253\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21163558\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Similarly, nuts such as pistachio, walnuts, almonds, hazelnuts, and peanuts improved blood glucose control in several trials of people with or at risk of type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25125505\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20031380\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20580779\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21489570\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6267433\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Green_Tea\"><a id=\"post-136763-_quj71o7927he\"><\/a>Green Tea<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a meta-analysis of 7 studies on healthy people, drinking <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/green-tea\/\">green tea<\/a> was associated with an 18% lower incidence of type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20008687\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Its potential to improve blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes or at risk of developing this condition is less clear. While it was effective at reducing fasting blood sugar in 2 meta-analyses (and fasting <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\">insulin<\/a> at high doses in one of them), a third one found green tea ineffective at lowering type 2 diabetes markers in people at risk [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23426037\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23803878\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24206044\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The differences observed may be due to the heterogeneity of the populations. A meta-analysis found green tea especially effective at lowering fasting blood sugar only in people below 55 years old or of Asian origin [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6356434\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Soy\"><a id=\"post-136763-_svk117wbnhvi\"><\/a>Soy<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A meta-analysis associated a high intake of soy with a 77% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes, but only in women and Asian populations. Another meta-analysis restricted the protective effects to certain soy products such as tofu, soy protein, and soy isoflavones [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29407270\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31915830\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In people with type 2 diabetes, soy products (especially soy protein) modestly improved fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, and blood fat profile [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4800359\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31648293\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In a clinical trial on pregnant women with diabetes, dietary soy protein improved blood glucose, insulin resistance, blood fat profile, and antioxidant capacity [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26505826\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Garlic\"><a id=\"post-136763-_k4jboqwiw7qe\"><\/a>Garlic<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A meta-analysis of 7 clinical trials found that including <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/garlic-health-benefits\/\">garlic<\/a> in the diet lowers fasting blood glucose. In a trial on people with type 2 diabetes, supplementation with garlic tablets enhanced the effects of the antidiabetic drug <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/uses-benefits-metformin\/\">metformin<\/a> [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26693740\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21959822\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In rats, garlic reduced blood sugar levels by decreasing the activity of the enzymes involved in the transportation of glucose in the liver [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/11508690\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Fenugreek\"><a id=\"post-136763-_divag2ktkps5\"><\/a>Fenugreek<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Several clinical trials have shown that <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/fenugreek-benefits\/\">fenugreek<\/a> seeds reduce blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity in people with or at risk of type 2 diabetes. A meta-analysis of 10 studies confirmed the blood sugar-lowering effects of fenugreek seeds [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/2194788\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19839001\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5877632\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/11868855\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27496582\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Mediterranean_Diet\"><a id=\"post-136763-_8a55xm73pmzb\"><\/a>Mediterranean Diet<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Several studies have associated adherence to a Mediterranean diet with up to 23% lower risk of type 2 diabetes among many other health benefits [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4538272\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5123783\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24931280\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24744219\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In people with type 2 diabetes, this diet has been shown to help improve blood sugar control and blood fat profile [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5871653\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30070019\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31201670\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Coffee\"><a id=\"post-136763-_w7hb0iberyni\"><\/a>Coffee<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Moderate coffee consumption has been associated with a reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes in multiple studies, especially in younger and middle-aged women. Both chlorogenic acids and <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/caffeine-benefits\/\">caffeine<\/a> seem to account for this protective effect [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16443894\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24150256\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3898757\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27026242\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30352712\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28826374\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Studies show that long-term coffee consumption reduces sugar spikes and increases <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin sensitivity<\/a>, leading to better blood glucose control [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6544578\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Olive_Oil\"><a id=\"post-136763-_rpkghemjf65b\"><\/a>Olive Oil<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Including <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/olive-oil\/\">olive oil<\/a> in the diet reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes by 16%. The Mediterranean diet, which uses olive oil as its main source of fat, is recommended to improve blood sugar control [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5436092\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27395419\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In a clinical trial of overweight and diabetic people, adding olive oil to their diet significantly reduced their <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/intermittent-fasting\/\">fasting<\/a> blood sugar and improved metabolic control. In another trial on older adults with diabetes, an olive oil-containing diet prevented them from losing their eyesight [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27344308\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27541690\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Bilberries\"><a id=\"post-136763-_l445udevltfw\"><\/a>Bilberries<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/bilberry\/\">Bilberry<\/a> fruits and extracts lowered blood sugar in 3 clinical trials of people with or at risk of type 2 diabetes. Bilberries also increased insulin release and sensitivity, which is important for preventing <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/cause-of-fatigue-after-meals-with-carbs\/\">insulin resistance<\/a>. Plus, they reduced sugar and insulin spikes after meals [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3161986\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28556578\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4153034\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Similarly, a cup of bilberry fruits or 1-2 glasses of the juice reduced sugar, insulin, and <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/glp-1-a-hormone-that-causes-weight-loss-and-good-cognitive-effects\/\">GLP-1<\/a> spikes after eating a carbohydrate-rich meal in healthy people [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3130640\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21929838\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23365108\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5827978\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Blueberries\"><a id=\"post-136763-_zcuf0gssiyoj\"><\/a>Blueberries<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/blueberries-health-benefits\/\">Blueberries<\/a> improved insulin sensitivity, lowered blood glucose, and reduced inflammation and oxidative stress in several trials on both healthy people and those with or at risk of type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6356777\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3139238\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17261891\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22935321\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4926849\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3139238\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19009913\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17261891\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Flavonoids in blueberries (flavonols, flavones, flavanones, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanins) increase <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin sensitivity<\/a> in the pancreas, liver, and muscles decreasing glucose concentration and the risk of type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3821977\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16979328\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4931534\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Ketogenic_Diet\"><a id=\"post-136763-_oexfs4ze7dgs\"><\/a>Ketogenic Diet<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/ketogenic-diet-keto-diet-ketosis-health-benefits\/\">ketogenic diet<\/a> can help lower blood sugar and improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients. The low-carbohydrate diet had a more favorable outcome than a low-fat diet in people with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22673594\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5048014\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6734060\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5329646\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19082851?dopt=Abstract&amp;holding=npg\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In a clinical trial on obese, diabetic patients, a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet was as effective at improving blood sugar control as a low-fat diet combined with the antidiabetic drug orlistat [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20101008\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Capers\"><a id=\"post-136763-_jhf8zk7nmio2\"><\/a>Capers<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/capers\/\">Capers<\/a> have been long consumed for their purported blood glucose-lowering effects in countries such as Morocco, Israel, Jordan, and Iran [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/3613607\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.at\/scholar?hl=es&amp;as_sdt=0%2C5&amp;q=Ethnopharmacology+forum.+Medicinal+plants+used+in+the+treatment+of+diabetes+in+Morocco&amp;btnG=\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21674438\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24050578\"> R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In a clinical trial on people with type 2 diabetes, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/capers\/\">caper<\/a> fruit extract reduced blood levels of sugar and<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/hemoglobin-good-bad-lab-tests-normal-values-reference-ranges\/\"> hemoglobin<\/a> bound to sugar (<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/hba1c-what-is-it-and-why-is-it-important\/\">HbA1c<\/a>) without causing any adverse effects [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24050578\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In several studies in diabetic rats and mice, caper fruit extracts lowered blood sugars without changing insulin levels. Capers are believed to increase sugar breakdown and <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin sensitivity<\/a> [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15261975\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27810780\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5355824\/\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.at\/scholar?hl=es&amp;as_sdt=0%2C5&amp;q=Blood+glucose+levels+and+pathology+of+organs+in+alloxan-induced+diabetic+rats+treated+with+hydro-ethanol+extracts+of+Allium+sativum+and+Capparis+spinosa&amp;btnG=\"> R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Bitter_Melon\"><a id=\"post-136763-_80d50kytk9hi\"><\/a>Bitter Melon<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Both <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/bitter-melon-9-proven-health-benefits-momordica-charantia-bitter-melon-including-risks\/\">bitter melon<\/a> and its component polypeptide-p lowered blood sugar in old animal studies and preliminary trials on people with diabetes. Proponents claim that bitter melon has the potential to be used as a less antigenic replacement to mainstream insulin therapy in diabetics [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/7334382\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20078273\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1506397\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Most studies found bitter melon effective at lowering blood glucose (both before and after meals), improving insulin secretion, and reducing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin resistance<\/a> in people with or at risk of type 2 diabetes. However, it was ineffective in 2 trials [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/29339109\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/10758656\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15521566\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/29431598\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3311063\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19665538\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17493509\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>When compared to antidiabetic drugs, bitter melon was as effective as rosiglitazone but less than <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/uses-benefits-metformin\/\">metformin<\/a> and glibenclamide. Interestingly, it was more effective than glibenclamide at preventing clogged arteries [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19362455\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21211558\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4417309\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"CocoaDark_Chocolate\"><a id=\"post-136763-_rsx92r7upulh\"><\/a>Cocoa\/Dark Chocolate<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/chocolate-health-benefits\/\">Cocoa<\/a> polyphenols, especially from dark chocolate, improved glucose breakdown, reduced blood pressure and oxidative damage, and improved<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\"> insulin<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/2013\/11\/07\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\"> resistance<\/a> in a few clinical trials on healthy people [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15755830\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22892813\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16027246\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In people with type 2 diabetes or at risk of this condition (with impaired glucose tolerance), the results of the different studies were mixed and the main benefits of cocoa polyphenols seem to be improving blood vessel function and lowering blood <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/cholesterol\/\">cholesterol<\/a> rather than helping control blood sugar [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3263874\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4580960\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6412367\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18716168\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22854880\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Magnesium\"><a id=\"post-136763-_mk2iwfviud9z\"><\/a>Magnesium<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Low <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/21-proven-science-based-reasons-magnesium-amazing-including-drawbacks\/\">magnesium<\/a> levels play a role in the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, while high intake of magnesium-rich foods such as whole grains, beans, nuts, and green leafy vegetables has been associated with a lower incidence of type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6470576\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4549665\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24218228\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17645588\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Dietary magnesium improved insulin sensitivity and reduced fasting glucose levels in a clinical trial [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3820051\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Major food sources containing magnesium are leafy green vegetables, fruits, legumes (especially soy), nuts (almonds, cashews), whole grains, red meat, and seafood [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.racgp.org.au\/afpbackissues\/2005\/200508\/200508woolhouse.pdf\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"http:\/\/jn.nutrition.org\/content\/144\/1\/55.long\"> R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Alpha-Linolenic_Acid\"><a id=\"post-136763-_d7dcjltomvc8\"><\/a>Alpha-Linolenic Acid<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A study found an inverse association between storage of <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/alpha-linolenic-acid\/\">alpha-linolenic acid<\/a> (ALA) in fat tissue and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin resistance<\/a>. Similarly, dietary ALA intake was associated with reduced insulin resistance in non-overweight people and lower risk of type 2 diabetes. In people suffering from this condition, low ALA intake increased the risk of kidney disease [<a href=\"http:\/\/ajcn.nutrition.org\/content\/103\/4\/1105.full\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0091743510000927\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29935107\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6084813\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Natural sources of alpha-linolenic acid include flaxseed, chia, canola, hemp, soybean, nuts, and their respective oils [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4237475\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Zinc\"><a id=\"post-136763-_bb102dwfnq8h\"><\/a>Zinc<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Low blood <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/literally-everything-wanted-know-zinc-backed-science\/\">zinc<\/a> levels have been associated with diabetes and prediabetes, while higher dietary intake of this mineral may protect from type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3629219\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4015935\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4015935\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2660459\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Zinc ions can bind to insulin receptors and activate insulin signaling pathways. By mimicking insulin, zinc reduces the excessive secretion of this hormone by pancreatic cells and helps protect the pancreatic tissue from damage [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19442898\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/8196555\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Good dietary sources of zinc include red meat, seafood, dairy products, nuts, legumes, and whole grains [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/11053529\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Ginger\"><a id=\"post-136763-_c5l6zcvjdh36\"><\/a>Ginger<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Three meta-analyses revealed that <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/scientifically-proven-health-benefits-of-ginger\/\">ginger<\/a> can reduce fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, and HbA1c (a marker of long-term glucose levels) in people with or at risk of type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5093315\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5818945\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6455977\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Flaxseed\"><a id=\"post-136763-_2evo4ktxd904\"><\/a>Flaxseed<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A meta-analysis of 25 clinical trials concluded that whole <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/flaxseed-oil-benefits\/\">flaxseed<\/a> (but not <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/flaxseed-oil-benefits\/\">flaxseed oil<\/a> or lignan extract) improves sugar control by reducing blood glucose and insulin levels while increasing insulin sensitivity in people with or at risk of type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29228348\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Flaxseed also had beneficial effects on insulin metabolism in women with PCOS [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29117618\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Cinnamon\"><a id=\"post-136763-_xf6wrl21tqyg\"><\/a>Cinnamon<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Multiple studies show that <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-15-proven-scientific-reasons-spice-life-cinnamon-references\/\">cinnamon<\/a> reduces fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance in people with or at risk of type 2 diabetes, while its effects on glycated hemoglobin are less clear. However, the authors of most meta-analyses warned about the high heterogeneity of the different studies included [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21480806\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22579946\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3767714\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31425768\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30935562\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Chia\"><a id=\"post-136763-_ip57hv51idp\"><\/a>Chia<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Several clinical trials showed that dietary supplementation with chia seeds in healthy people reduces sugar spikes after meals by turning glucose into a slow-release sugar [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20087375\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23778782\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28000689\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In people with type 2 diabetes, chia seeds maintained blood sugar and fat control, promoted <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/a-comprehensive-list-of-effective-ways-to-lose-weight\/\">weight loss<\/a>, and helped prevent heart disease [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17686832\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28089080\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>A meta-analysis included lowering blood glucose after meals among the health benefits of chia seeds [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29452425\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Paleo_Diet\"><a id=\"post-136763-_ny1gninfy2y0\"><\/a>Paleo Diet<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Several trials on people with type 2 diabetes or glucose intolerance found that adhering to a paleo diet (including lean meat, fruits, vegetables, and nuts, and excluding added <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/is-salt-good-or-bad-the-science-on-the-health-effects-of-salt\/\">salt<\/a>, cereal grains, dairy, and legumes) for 3 months reduced blood glucose and improved insulin sensitivity [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2724493\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17583796\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25828624\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5402870\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Vegetarian_Diet\"><a id=\"post-136763-_lmigzpd29nzm\"><\/a>Vegetarian Diet<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Vegetarian and <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/16-nutrients-vegans-arent-getting\/\">vegan<\/a> diets have been associated with lower blood sugar levels and reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26853923\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6301673\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5490582\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In people living with diabetes, a vegetarian diet may help lower fasting glucose levels and improve blood sugar control. However an omnivorous Mediterranean diet and the Paleo diet are more effective [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29302846\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29960809\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Vitamin_A\"><a id=\"post-136763-_xb6y0tlkjmnb\"><\/a>Vitamin A<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhack.com\/blog\/importance-real-vitamin-retinol\/\">Vitamin A<\/a> is essential for the functioning of the pancreatic beta-cells, which are responsible for producing insulin. Deficiency in this vitamin leads to excessive blood glucose levels and loss of beta-cell mass. Low blood levels of the vitamin A precursor beta-carotene have been associated with insulin resistance [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4340394\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22381025\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Food sources of this vitamin include dairy products, liver, fish, and fortified cereals, while carrots, broccoli, cantaloupe, and squash supply its precursor provitamin A.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Apple_Cider_Vinegar\"><a id=\"post-136763-_6iy6x1ebahqm\"><\/a>Apple Cider Vinegar<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/vinegar-health-benefits\/\">Vinegar<\/a> improved post-meal <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin sensitivity<\/a> by 34% in insulin-resistant people and by 19% in those with type 2 diabetes. In another trial on people with type 2 diabetes, it reduced fasting blood glucose [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/14694010\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/care.diabetesjournals.org\/content\/30\/11\/2814\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In healthy people, the addition of vinegar to a high-glycemic meal significantly reduced post-meal blood sugar [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16321601\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1785201\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Vinegar increased insulin-stimulated<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/glucose\/?utm_source=seo&amp;utm_medium=selfhacked&amp;utm_campaign=id00002\"> glucose<\/a> uptake in cells, thus allowing insulin to do its job better and enhancing carbohydrate metabolism [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4438142\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Intermittent_Fasting\"><a id=\"post-136763-_add8jicgfjll\"><\/a>Intermittent Fasting<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a small trial on healthy men, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/intermittent-fasting\/\">intermittent fasting<\/a> increased sugar uptake from the blood in response to insulin [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16051710\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In people at risk of developing type 2 diabetes, intermittent fasting improved blood sugar control and <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin sensitivity<\/a> [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27833048\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5990470\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In those diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, the effects of intermittent fasting were mixed. Depending on the study, fasting improved glucose control, had no effects, or even <em>increased <\/em>glycated hemoglobin [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/29405359\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28407662\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/30902672\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Prickly_Pear\"><a id=\"post-136763-_5s1f5jte70p3\"><\/a>Prickly Pear<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Preliminary research shows that prickly pear can lower blood sugar by up to 48% in people with type 2 diabetes, even after eating a high-carbohydrate meal [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/6367685\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17325260\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25132122\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Histidine\"><a id=\"post-136763-_l62d07q7qmip\"><\/a>Histidine<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>An observational study on obese people associated higher dietary <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/histidine\/\">histidine<\/a> with lower fasting blood glucose levels and increased insulin sensitivity [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4963896\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>There are a number of foods that contain high amounts of histidine and may help supplement low histidine levels. They include protein-based foods such as eggs, beef, chicken, pork, and fish. Additional histidine-rich foods include soybeans, beans, wheat, maize, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/quinoa\/\">quinoa<\/a>, and rice [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4897092\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Goji_Berries\"><a id=\"post-136763-_6vw555jgzsrl\"><\/a>Goji Berries<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a clinical trial on people with type 2 diabetes, taking goji fruit carbohydrates for 3 months reduced blood glucose spikes after meals and insulin resistance [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4475782\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Supplements\"><a id=\"post-136763-_s9kvi860oofr\"><\/a>Supplements\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"Resistant_Starch-2\"><a id=\"post-136763-_v1j3hm4fc4j0\"><\/a>Resistant Starch<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Multiple clinical trials show that supplementation with <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/reistant1-what-is-resistant-starch-sources-how-to-increase-diet\/\">resistant starch<\/a> can reduce fasting and post-meal glucose levels while improving insulin resistance, especially in people with type 2 diabetes and obesity [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5320660\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15242012\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27733521\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16155268\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6551340\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Supplementing the diet with resistant starch may prevent complications resulting from excess blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes. Resistant starch improved blood glucose levels, reduced toxins released by bacteria, increased antioxidants, and protected the blood vessels in people with this condition [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26655398\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28444346\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Preliminary research in animals suggests that resistant starch may help with blood glucose by slowing down the uptake and digestion of carbohydrates, stimulating carbohydrate storage in the liver and muscles, and improving insulin sensitivity [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21530804\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25661882\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27653386\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Aloe_Vera\"><a id=\"post-136763-_i5vx2xx5qvp7\"><\/a>Aloe Vera<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/aloe-vera-benefits\/\">Aloe vera<\/a> supplementation lowered blood sugar, total cholesterol, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/ldl-cholesterol\/\">LDL<\/a> (bad cholesterol) and glycated hemoglobin in people with type 2 diabetes. Similarly, it reduced blood sugar and insulin resistance in people at risk of this condition [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22198821\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23035844\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23735317\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>A meta-analysis of 9 studies found that diabetic patients had the most improvement in blood sugar after taking aloe compared to healthy patients [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27152917\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In human cells, an aloe vera compound (aloe-emodin glycosides) increased glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis. This may reduce glucose levels and help stop insulin resistance [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20541550\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Zinc-2\"><a id=\"post-136763-_5ncx5ivkx635\"><\/a>Zinc<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Several meta-analyses have found that <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/literally-everything-wanted-know-zinc-backed-science\/\">zinc<\/a> supplementation may reduce blood glucose, insulin resistance, and glycated hemoglobin levels in people with obesity, diabetes (both type 1 and 2) and metabolic syndrome [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27587022\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23137858\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3407731\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Zinc may also decrease the severity of diabetic neuropathy (nerve <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/pain-management\/\">pain<\/a>), oxidative stress, and cholesterol\/triglyceride levels in type 2 diabetic patients [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/11229219\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/11444416\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3407731\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3064411\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Probiotics\"><a id=\"post-136763-_l15q7ovgra9c\"><\/a>Probiotics<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Supplementation with <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/a1probiotics-good-bacteria\/\">probiotics<\/a> such as <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/l-acidophilus\/\"><em>Lactobacillus <\/em><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/l-acidophilus\/\"><em>acidophilus<\/em><\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/l-casei\/\"><em>L. casei<\/em><\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/l-rhamnosus\/\"><em>L. rhamnosus<\/em><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/b-breve\/\"><em>Bifidobacterium breve<\/em><\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/b-longum\/\"><em>B. longum<\/em><\/a>, and <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/b-animalis\/\"><em>B. animalis<\/em><\/a> improved blood glucose control in people with or at risk of type 2 diabetes in multiple trials. Moreover, they lowered blood pressure, reduced oxidative stress, and improved blood fat profile [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4926461\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26987497\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5491138\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27590729\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32787763\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5758152\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31691101\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>A meta-analysis of 11 studies found supplementation with <em>Lactobacillus <\/em>and <em>Bifidobacterium <\/em>probiotics effective at improving blood sugar control, lipid profiles, inflammation, and oxidative stress in pregnant women with gestational diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6748202\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Chromium\"><a id=\"post-136763-_hmtkvw4r1qqp\"><\/a>Chromium<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>According to a review of clinical trials, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/chromium\/\">chromium<\/a> increases insulin function and helps prevent type 1, type 2, gestational, and steroid-induced diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/10705100\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Three meta-analyses concluded that chromium, both alone or in different combinations, can significantly improve blood sugar control. Chromium picolinate showed the best results [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24635480\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27019254\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23683609\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"L-Carnitine\"><a id=\"post-136763-_gsc5or25rgik\"><\/a>L-Carnitine<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Two meta-analyses concluded that <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/carnitine-top-18-science-based-health-effects-carnitine\/\">L-carnitine<\/a> supplementation can help reduce fasting glucose, insulin, and glycated hemoglobin while increasing insulin sensitivity [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28791854\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6785772\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Some researchers suggest that L-carnitine may improve insulin sensitivity by affecting fat breakdown in lean tissue and muscles [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28791854\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Spirulina\"><a id=\"post-136763-_fn6dcshq1ylm\"><\/a>Spirulina<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In 2 meta-analyses, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/spirulina-benefits\/\">spirulina<\/a> significantly improved <a href=\"http:\/\/content.selfdecode.com\/blog\/intermittent-fasting\/\">fasting<\/a> blood<a href=\"https:\/\/content.selfdecode.com\/blog\/glucose\/\"> glucose<\/a>, insulin resistance, and blood fat profile in both healthy people and those suffering from type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6241722\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31359513\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>However, some researchers dispute the claim that spirulina can lower blood sugar in type 2 diabetes: twelve weeks of spirulina tablets (8 g\/day) didn\u2019t change blood sugar levels in a group of diabetic Koreans. Each person\u2019s health status (and possibly race) may affect their response to spirulina [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6241722\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2788188\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Stinging_Nettle\"><a id=\"post-136763-_eplwwwlu88pd\"><\/a>Stinging Nettle<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A meta-analysis of 8 studies found that supplementation with <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/stinging-nettle\/\">stinging nettle<\/a> may help reduce fasting blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes. However, supplementation had no effect on glycated hemoglobin levels [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31802554\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Chemicals in nettle leaves and stems (but not roots) appear to trigger the release of insulin and other compounds that reduce blood sugar [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/14630172\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Psyllium_Husk\"><a id=\"post-136763-_nbefwmyjc1e7\"><\/a>Psyllium Husk<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In multiple clinical trials, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/psyllium-husk\/\">psyllium husk<\/a> consumed with meals significantly reduced both <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/intermittent-fasting\/\">fasting<\/a> and after-meal blood sugar levels, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\">insulin<\/a> spikes, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/hba1c-what-is-it-and-why-is-it-important\/\">HbA1c<\/a> levels. Similar results were seen in a meta-analysis of 7 studies [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22855914\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16154305\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20616745\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/10500014\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9747644\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12209371\"> R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20959501\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In a small clinical trial, psyllium husk not only improved fasting blood sugar and HbA1c levels but also enhanced patient tolerance to the antidiabetic drug<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/uses-benefits-metformin\/\"> metformin<\/a> [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16154305\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Coenzyme_Q10\"><a id=\"post-136763-_m6qkky1ib1ks\"><\/a>Coenzyme Q10<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A meta-analysis of 18 studies on healthy people found that <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/coenzyme-q10-ubiquinol\/\">coenzyme Q10<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/coenzyme-q10-ubiquinol\/\">CoQ10<\/a>) reduced blood sugar in those with both high and normal levels with doses below 200 mg\/day [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28381349\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Another analysis of 14 studies on overweight and obese people with diabetes found that CoQ10 reduced blood sugar (fasting and HbA1c) and insulin levels in doses below 200 mg\/day [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6276825\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Inulin\"><a id=\"post-136763-_cl3ua75gtf6c\"><\/a>Inulin<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In 3 clinical trials of middle-aged and elderly people, supplementation with <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/health-benefits-inulin\/\">inulin<\/a> significantly reduced blood sugar levels before and after meals, insulin resistance, and glycated hemoglobin [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3963683\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30346655\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28962046\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>A meta-analysis of 20 studies found that there was a tendency for reduced blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetic patients supplementing with inulin [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27623982\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"White_Mulberry\"><a id=\"post-136763-_lij7033e1ie6\"><\/a>White Mulberry<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In 4 clinical trials on healthy people, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/benefits-morus-alba\/\">white mulberry<\/a> leaf extract reduced carbohydrate digestion and absorption, resulting in decreased<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\"> blood sugar and insulin<\/a> spikes after meals [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17555327\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28501729\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5321430\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6113008\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The extract had similar effects in people with type 2 diabetes or at risk of developing this condition. Moreover, it helped delay the progression of diabetic kidney damage by improving antioxidant status and blood fat profile [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/11718678\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28619294\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25343729\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/29190604\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>A nutraceutical complex with white mulberry extract, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/red-yeast-rice\/\">red yeast rice<\/a>, and <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/19-health-benefits-of-berberine-with-references\/\">berberine<\/a> lowered fasting <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/glucose\/\">glucose<\/a>, blood insulin, and <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/hemoglobin-good-bad-lab-tests-normal-values-reference-ranges\/\">hemoglobin<\/a> bound to sugar (glycated hemoglobin) in 2 trials on people with high blood fat levels, possibly reducing their risk of developing type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4461797\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28965797\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Berberine\"><a id=\"post-136763-_omfy5pasu84o\"><\/a>Berberine<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>According to one meta-analysis, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/berberine-19-health-benefits-of-berberine-with-references\/\">berberine<\/a> may be beneficial in people with type 2 diabetes. However, the authors emphasized that the evidence was overall weak since the included trials were few and had low methodological quality. Berberine lowers fasting and post-meal glucose, and glycated hemoglobin levels according to another meta-analysis [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3478874\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25498346\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Curcumin_Turmeric\"><a id=\"post-136763-_e7w0ftkp34vq\"><\/a>Curcumin (Turmeric)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/curcumin-cures-top-15-scientifically-proven-health-benefits-with-references\/\">Curcumin<\/a> is a compound found in the spice turmeric. Multiple animal studies and preliminary clinical research have found that curcumin can lower blood sugar levels, decrease insulin resistance, improve the function of pancreatic cells, suppress the death of these cells, and ultimately prevent the development of diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3857752\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6723242\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Astragalus\"><a id=\"post-136763-_s8xdhtmcfxt1\"><\/a>Astragalus<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/astragalus\/\">Astragalus<\/a> is the most popular herb for diabetes management in China. A meta-analysis of 13 studies found both oral and intravenous astragalus effective at lowering blood <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/glucose\/\">glucose<\/a> levels and <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/hba1c-what-is-it-and-why-is-it-important\/\">hemoglobin A1c<\/a> when added to standard treatment. However, the authors pointed to the limited quality of the included trials [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3855992\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21584252\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27269392\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In pregnant women with gestational diabetes, Astragalus controlled blood glucose and reduced oxidative damage [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19620065\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In lab animals, Astragalus improved fasting blood glucose, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\">insulin<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\"> resistance<\/a>, kidney function, and insulin-producing pancreatic cell mass [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19201177\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.journal-ina.com\/article.asp?issn=2394-2916;year=2014;volume=1;issue=2;spage=53;epage=57;aulast=Chen#ft31\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18306755\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Ginkgo_Biloba\"><a id=\"post-136763-_7zo775h24p3x\"><\/a>Ginkgo Biloba<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In people with type 2 diabetes, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/ginkgo-biloba\/\">ginkgo<\/a> extract improved glycemic control, psychological state, and the effectiveness of the antidiabetic drug <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/uses-benefits-metformin\/\">metformin<\/a> [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25918808\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5896648\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Ginkgo extract can increase the activity of the pancreatic cells that produce <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\">insulin<\/a> (beta cells) without causing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin resistance<\/a> [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/11402628\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16293352\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, ginkgo extract reduced insulin resistance, oxidative damage, inflammation, and the risk and severity of complications such as heart, kidney, and eye damage in people with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25463092\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/30219436\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15811563\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16181540\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19271166\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15646470\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"L-Arginine\"><a id=\"post-136763-_uh02ml281h5o\"><\/a>L-Arginine<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Diabetes has been associated with lower <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/l-arginine\/\">L-arginine<\/a> levels, disrupted metabolic pathways of this amino acid, and reduced <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\">insulin<\/a> production in response to both sugar and L-arginine [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4965763\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27624579\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Supplementation with L-arginine improved insulin sensitivity and increased post-meal insulin release in people with type 2 diabetes. In a long-term follow-up study of people with metabolic syndrome, supplementation with L-arginine was associated with a reduced onset of type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/11347747\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19924604\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6267392\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>L-arginine may promote the formation of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, as seen in animal studies [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2276988\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Ginseng\"><a id=\"post-136763-_6fh4dfb1icrw\"><\/a>Ginseng<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A review of 16 studies determined that <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/ginseng\/\">ginseng<\/a> slightly reduced fasting blood <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/glucose\/\">glucose<\/a> but pointed out that the different ginseng types may differ in their effectiveness, making it necessary to conduct more clinical studies [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4180277\/\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2781779\/\"> R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In healthy people, both American and Korean ginseng lowered blood glucose levels. However, a review of 2 studies determined that consistent ginseng consumption had no effect on blood sugar control in healthy individuals [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/11194526\/\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21619921\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15982990\"> R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19017419\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In people with type 2 diabetes, Korean red ginseng also had mixed results: it lowered blood sugar, insulin resistance, and glycated hemoglobin in some studies while being ineffective in others [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/8721940\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4227112\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3114517\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3418337\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Myo-Inositol\"><a id=\"post-136763-_fuiexo50cfy\"><\/a>Myo-Inositol<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In several trials on healthy pregnant women, supplementation with <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/myoinositol\/\">myo-inositol<\/a> prevented diabetes by 50%. The effect was strongest in overweight women, who are at highest risk. In pregnant women with PCOS, myo-inositol was more effective than <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/uses-benefits-metformin\/\">metformin<\/a> at preventing gestational diabetes [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27213831\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21414183\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22122627\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In a trial of women with diabetes in pregnancy, myo-inositol reduced fasting glucose levels and insulin, beneficially impacting insulin resistance [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21414183\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Myo-inositol mimics the effects of insulin and seems to enhance <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin sensitivity<\/a>. Based on the studies so far, it seems better suited for overweight women [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27213831\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Moringa\"><a id=\"post-136763-_7eqq47jr5l9d\"><\/a>Moringa<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/moringa\/\">Moringa<\/a> leaf tablets taken for up to 3 months reduced both blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/hba1c-what-is-it-and-why-is-it-important\/\">HbA1C<\/a>) in people with type 2 diabetes. Similarly, high doses (4-20 g\/day) of moringa leaf powder reduced blood glucose while increasing <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\">insulin<\/a> production in both healthy and diabetic people [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.semanticscholar.org\/paper\/Anti-diabetic-property-of-drumstick-(-Moringa-)-GIRIDHARI-Malathi\/500138e86ae7e7c0483433091e5dd94c3aa297f6\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.3109\/09637489309017439\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27276742\"> R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2Fs13197-012-0859-9#aboutcontent\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/30322091\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Milk_Thistle\"><a id=\"post-136763-_9no9k1nx71os\"><\/a>Milk Thistle<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/milk-thistle\/\">Milk thistle<\/a> extract (standardized to its <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/milk-thistle\/\">silymarin<\/a> content) reduced fasting blood sugar, insulin, insulin resistance, and glycated hemoglobin in people with type 2 diabetes. In those with type 1 diabetes and alcoholic liver damage, it also reduced oxidative stress and insulin requirement [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29895491\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25765835\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17072885\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/9126802\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The combination of milk thistle extract with <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/berberine-19-health-benefits-of-berberine-with-references\/\">berberine<\/a> reduced the required insulin dose and lowered blood fats in people with type 1 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26384091\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Magnesium-2\"><a id=\"post-136763-_ipwuooevj8ou\"><\/a>Magnesium<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/21-proven-science-based-reasons-magnesium-amazing-including-drawbacks\/\">Magnesium<\/a> supplementation improved insulin resistance, glucose levels, blood fat profile, and blood pressure in people with or at risk of type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21205110\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4219896\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28526383\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"White_Kidney_Bean\"><a id=\"post-136763-_8u2lk6sigpep\"><\/a>White Kidney Bean<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a small clinical trial, people who took 1,500 mg and 750 mg of a commercial <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/white-kidney-bean-extract\/\">white kidney bean extract<\/a> (Phase 2) with their meal absorbed 1\/3 and 2\/3 of the carbohydrates, respectively. However, only a high dose (3,000 mg) was effective in another trial [<a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar?hl=es&amp;as_sdt=0%2C5&amp;q=Investigation+of+an+Amylase+Inhibitor+on+Human+Glucose+Absorption+after+Starch+Consumption&amp;btnG=\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2776021\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Similarly, a blocker of the enzyme that breaks down starch (alpha-<a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/amylase\/\">amylase<\/a>) purified from white kidney beans reduced blood sugar and insulin level rises after meals in a small trial of people with type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/2423813\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In rats, both raw white kidney beans and their alpha-amylase blocker reduced blood sugar levels [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16925860\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15533267\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9536866\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Eleuthero\"><a id=\"post-136763-_2oz1m6cjajmk\"><\/a>Eleuthero<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In one clinical study, people taking <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/eleuthero\/\">eleuthero<\/a> extract had decreased blood sugar both fasting and after meals, HbA1c, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/triglycerides\/\">triglycerides<\/a>, and total cholesterol [<a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar?cluster=4376374705934915269&amp;hl=en&amp;as_sdt=0,33&amp;sciodt=0,33\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In diabetic mice, its active components eleutheroside E and B promoted the function of the pancreatic cells that make insulin and reduced blood glucose levels and insulin resistance [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3638629\/\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/3734812\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2210523913000822?via%3Dihub\"> R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Safflower_Oil\"><a id=\"post-136763-_mnx8ze7tv7je\"><\/a>Safflower Oil<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/safflower-oil\/\">Safflower oil<\/a> (8 g\/day) for 16 weeks decreased fasting blood glucose in obese, postmenopausal with type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3115398\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In multiple studies on pregnant rats, safflower oil prevented gestational diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/8885728\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20051498\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22098918\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22180326\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In test tubes, safflower oil inhibited an enzyme that breaks down starch into simple sugars (alpha-amylases). Safflower oil may thus reduce the amount of sugars the gut absorbs from food starches, leading to fewer spikes in blood sugars after meals [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22021176\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"L-Arginine-2\"><a id=\"post-136763-_687i65us6ygk\"><\/a>L-Arginine<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Having low <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/l-arginine\/\">L-arginine<\/a> levels has been associated with diabetes and reduced <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\">insulin<\/a> production in response to sugar [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4965763\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27624579\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In people with obesity or metabolic syndrome, supplementation with L-arginine has been associated with a reduced onset of type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22913215\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6267392\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Three clinical trials found that L-arginine supplementation can help decrease <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/oxidative-stress-101\/\">oxidative stress<\/a> in type 2 diabetic patients by producing nitric oxide and activating antioxidant enzymes such as <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/the-brain-fog-gene-rs4880-or-sod2\/\">SOD<\/a>. This may help prevent diabetic complications [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/8958162\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22530351\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16772327\"> R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Propolis\"><a id=\"post-136763-_amwg94nzufaz\"><\/a>Propolis<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In 6 trials of people with type 2 diabetes, 400-1500 mg\/day of <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/bee-propolis\/\">propolis<\/a> reduced blood sugar and boosted antioxidant defense [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4881123\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27468795\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28285617\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/30935545\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30950136\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Diabetics may develop open sores on the bottom of the foot (diabetic foot ulcers). High blood sugar levels reduce the body\u2019s ability to heal these ulcers, causing severe infections that may even require the amputation of the affected limb. Topical propolis sped up the healing of diabetic foot ulcers in 2 small trials [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25239451\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28826262\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Alpha-Lipoic_Acid\"><a id=\"post-136763-_yku4y8o6n2cd\"><\/a>Alpha-Lipoic Acid<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/lipoic-acid\/\">Alpha-lipoic acid<\/a> appears to have beneficial effects in the prevention of diabetes by mimicking the activity of insulin and improving glucose utilization. In some countries, it is approved as part of a treatment plan for diabetic patients [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26406389\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2756298\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In several clinical trials on people with type 2 diabetes, lipoic acid decreased blood glucose and improved insulin sensitivity [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17178700\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/7575750\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/10468203\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5133803\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21666939\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Gymnema\"><a id=\"post-136763-_35l5fwaapdqw\"><\/a>Gymnema<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/gymnema-sylvestre\/\"><em>Gymnema<\/em><\/a> supplement (GS4) reduced the needed dose of antidiabetic medication in people with type 2 diabetes and insulin in those with type 1 diabetes. Five patients with type 2 diabetes didn\u2019t even need any conventional treatment at all for the duration of the trial [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/2259217\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/2259216\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In other trials on people with type 2 diabetes, both a <em>Gymnema <\/em>supplement (OSA) and ground <em>Gymnema <\/em>leaves decreased blood glucose levels [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20812281\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26665406\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p><em>Gymnema<\/em> extracts are believed to help improve diabetes by the combination of several actions: slowing the absorption of glucose in the gut, stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas while helping to regenerate the cells that produce it (beta-cells, which are damaged by diabetes), and correcting the use and storage of glucose in the body [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/7027275\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/6865451\"> R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20537514\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Salacia\"><a id=\"post-136763-_8viggka0mo77\"><\/a>Salacia<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Taking salacia tea with meals reduced blood glucose (both fasting and after meals) and glycated hemoglobin levels in a few clinical trials of people with type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15975493\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17616771\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15635348\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15707755\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Vanadium\"><a id=\"post-136763-_vitul6mr1g9v\"><\/a>Vanadium<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Oral vanadium supplements given to type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients decreased fasting blood sugar levels and insulin resistance in a few small trials. It caused no major side effects, with the exception of mild diarrhea at the beginning of the treatment period. However, prolonged use of these high doses might be unsafe [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23808778\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/8621019\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC295932\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/8781301\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/7593444\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/11238540\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Niacinamide\"><a id=\"post-136763-_plywxve47uk9\"><\/a>Niacinamide<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In clinical studies of adults and children with type 1 diabetes, adding <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/niacinamide\/\">niacinamide<\/a> to insulin therapy maintained normal C-peptide levels. It preserved the function of beta cells and helped delay disease progression [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16200840\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/8941464\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16723091\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15132730\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/8961125\"> R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Niacinamide also improved C-peptide and blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9625292\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>However, oral niacinamide failed to prevent type 1 diabetes in high-risk people [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15043959\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16891222\"> R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Cardamom\"><a id=\"post-136763-_mdvxp355oehs\"><\/a>Cardamom<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Green <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/cardamom-benefits\/\">cardamom<\/a> reduced blood <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\">insulin<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin resistance<\/a> in some (but not all) trials of people with or at risk of type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/30701554\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6419418\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/29026804\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26177486\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In diabetic rats, both green cardamom and the antidiabetic drug pioglitazone were similarly effective in reducing blood cholesterol and fasting blood<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/glucose\/\"> glucose<\/a> levels, and preventing liver enlargement. However, only pioglitazone effectively lowered blood glucose after a meal [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26317079\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Gynostemma_Jiaogulan\"><a id=\"post-136763-_piifbc560nwo\"><\/a>Gynostemma (Jiaogulan)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Drinking <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/gynostemma-boost-immunity-energy-weight-loss-top-9-benefits\/\">gynostemma<\/a> tea for 4-12 weeks reduced blood sugar levels before meals and insulin resistance in 2 clinical trials on people with type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, gynostemma extract enhanced the sugar-lowering effect of sulfonylureas in people with this condition [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20213586\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3572697\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3484409\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Banaba\"><a id=\"post-136763-_m67djxuewq88\"><\/a>Banaba<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/banaba-leaf-benefits\/\">Banaba leaf<\/a> may help lower blood sugar by increasing glucose tolerance. It can decrease glucose production in the body up to 30% and reduce the breakdown of storage molecules (like starch and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/glucagon-levels\/\">glucagon<\/a>) into glucose [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2176148\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In clinical trials on people with poorly-controlled type 2 diabetes, supplementation with <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/banaba-leaf-benefits\/\">banaba<\/a> extract lowered blood glucose without causing hypoglycemia [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3468018\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27451997\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/12787964\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In people at high risk of diabetes, a product combining banaba extract and cinnamon bark improved insulin sensitivity [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4820281\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Resveratrol\"><a id=\"post-136763-_jji2uqsic5kx\"><\/a>Resveratrol<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A meta-analysis of 11 small studies found that supplementation with <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-15-scientific-health-benefits-of-resveratrol-with-references\/\">resveratrol<\/a> may improve blood glucose control and insulin sensitivity in people with type 2 diabetes, but not in healthy individuals. However, the most recent Cochrane review found the evidence insufficient to support this use of resveratrol [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24695890\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31978258\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In people with metabolic syndrome, supplementation with at least 500 mg resveratrol for over 10 weeks has been shown to lower blood sugar levels [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31065943\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Creatine\"><a id=\"post-136763-_gdawyyula4d8\"><\/a>Creatine<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/creatine\/\">Creatine<\/a>, along with cardio training, reduced blood sugar levels in a trial of healthy but sedentary men [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17396216\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Creatine also lowered blood sugar after meals with effects comparable to those of metformin and glibenclamide in people with type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20003839\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21792527\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Creatine supplements greatly lowered blood sugars in several studies on animals with diabetes. However, it doesn\u2019t seem to affect <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin sensitivity<\/a> or insulin levels [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27306768\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Pycnogenol\"><a id=\"post-136763-_6wghpt7e1chc\"><\/a>Pycnogenol<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A number of clinical trials suggest that <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/pycnogenol-pine-bark-extract-health-benefits\/\">pycnogenol<\/a> may lower blood <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/glucose\/\">glucose<\/a> and glycated hemoglobin (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/hba1c-what-is-it-and-why-is-it-important\/\">HbA1c<\/a>) if taken daily for at least 12 weeks [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15363656\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19083426\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/14988316\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>However, in all the above studies,<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\"> insulin<\/a> levels did not change. Pycnogenol may reduce glucose levels, but it doesn&#8217;t appear to increase insulin production or <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin sensitivity<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Whey_Protein\"><a id=\"post-136763-_r7z9zql0ecix\"><\/a>Whey Protein<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In type 2 diabetic subjects, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/whey-protein-health-benefits\/\">whey protein<\/a> taken during a meal increased the <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\">insulin<\/a> response and significantly decreased blood<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/glucose\/\"> glucose<\/a> levels [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16002802\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Those struggling with maintaining a low sugar level in the blood can consume whey protein before a high carbohydrate meal to reduce glucose levels after the meal [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2732158\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5385353\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Lysine\"><a id=\"post-136763-_7io2i2ums9e2\"><\/a>Lysine<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In 2 small trials of people with type 2 diabetes, oral supplementation with <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/lysine-health-benefits\/\">lysine<\/a> lowered blood glucose levels and improved insulin sensitivity [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/11886082\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/11887024\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Similarly, lysine decreased blood glucose while increasing glucagon and insulin in healthy people [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19553295\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Xanthan_Gum\"><a id=\"post-136763-_5f7c5w2aiuk8\"><\/a>Xanthan Gum<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/xanthan-gum\/\">Xanthan gum<\/a> reduced fasting glucose levels and prevented blood sugar spikes after a meal without causing severe digestive symptoms in 3 clinical trials of both healthy and diabetic people [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/4050722\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23713534\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/fstr\/22\/1\/22_117\/_article\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Carob\"><a id=\"post-136763-_u0jtxorly8vn\"><\/a>Carob<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a trial on healthy people, inositol from <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/carob\/\">carob<\/a> lowered blood sugar and <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\">insulin<\/a> after meals, and markers of insulin resistance. Similarly, carob fiber also kept blood sugar and insulin levels after a sugar drink in check \u2014 but only at high doses (at least 10 g) [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.clinicalnutritionjournal.com\/article\/S0261-5614(15)00137-5\/fulltext\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/british-journal-of-nutrition\/article\/carob-pulp-preparation-rich-in-insoluble-dietary-fibre-and-polyphenols-increases-plasma-glucose-and-serum-insulin-responses-in-combination-with-a-glucose-load-in-humans\/20872E3E84A53D5D8BAC8DA5243713D0\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In people with prediabetes, inositol from carob lowered blood sugar and insulin levels, especially in non-obese [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlelanding\/2016\/FO\/C6FO01021K#!divAbstract\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Ivy_Gourd\"><a id=\"post-136763-_q023hzxn2u81\"><\/a>Ivy Gourd<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In people with type 2 diabetes, taking ivy gourd leaves or their extract lowered fasting and non-fasting blood glucose, as well as glycated hemoglobin [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18000183\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3142553\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Guarumo_Tea\"><a id=\"post-136763-_snfrzuawybsc\"><\/a>Guarumo Tea<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Drinking tea prepared from guarumo leaves reduced fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels in 2 clinical trials on people with type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15636168\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17291702\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Yerba_Mate\">Yerba Mate<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a clinical trial, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/yerba-mate-21-health-benefits\/\">yerba mate<\/a> tea decreased <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/intermittent-fasting\/\">fasting<\/a> glucose, glycated <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/hemoglobin-good-bad-lab-tests-normal-values-reference-ranges\/\">hemoglobin<\/a>, and LDL cholesterol levels in people with type 2 diabetes but had no effect on food intake. In prediabetic patients, the tea improved cholesterol and triglyceride levels and reduced their consumption of fat and cholesterol while increasing their fiber intake [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22081618\">R<\/a>]<\/p>\n<p>Yerba mate may have additional effects by lowering<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\"> insulin<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\"> resistance<\/a> and reducing the formation of advanced glycation end-products. These compounds are formed from high blood sugar and contribute to diabetes complications like poor blood flow, bad vision, kidney damage, and inflammation. To obtain this last benefit, it&#8217;s best to<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/stevia-natural-sweetener\/\"> not add sugar<\/a> to the mate tea [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4344557\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/11270668\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15894431\"> R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Chanca_Piedra\"><a id=\"post-136763-_4yhm5hq6coex\"><\/a>Chanca Piedra<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In 2 small clinical trials of 30 people, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/chanca-piedra\/\">chanca piedra<\/a> lowered their blood sugar levels. The same was confirmed in numerous studies with diabetic rats [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/8786163\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/11746836\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21323477\"> R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21844996\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12597020\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27318080\"> R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23085308\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Chanca piedra may reduce blood sugar levels by blocking enzymes that digest complex carbs, delaying sugar absorption, and increasing sugar storage in the liver [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20185303\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3210010\/\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21323477\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28928090\"> R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Kelp_Seaweed\"><a id=\"post-136763-_1krx8gc616es\"><\/a>Kelp Seaweed<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Powdered <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/kelp\/\">kelp<\/a> pills and polyphenols extracted from this seaweed reduced sugar levels, insulin resistance, and inflammatory markers in people with type 2 diabetes. However, kelp polyphenols were ineffective in another trial [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2815322\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/30714233\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5872688\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Stevia\"><a id=\"post-136763-_2z6wafsarhbh\"><\/a>Stevia<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A study of healthy volunteers found that post-meal blood sugar levels were lower in <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/stevia-natural-sweetener\/\">stevia<\/a> consumers than in people using table sugar or <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/interesting-facts-artificial-sweeteners\/\">aspartame<\/a> as sweeteners [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2900484\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Steviol glycosides prevented blood glucose spikes in people with type 2 diabetes, but the researchers used corn starch as a control, which has a significant impact on blood sugar levels. Moreover, another clinical study failed to confirm the benefits of steviol glycosides for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/14681845\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18397817\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Components of stevia such as rebaudioside A, stevioside, and steviol can increase insulin secretion by stimulating pancreatic cells and improve insulin sensitivity [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/15375798\">R,<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/10690946\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16278783\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27141265\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"African_Mango\"><a id=\"post-136763-_oxoavb6dz4p7\"><\/a>African Mango<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a clinical trial of people with metabolic syndrome, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/african-mango\/\">African mango<\/a> extract reduced blood sugar and fat levels, and even caused metabolic syndrome remission in 58% of the patients. In another study of overweight volunteers, African mango seed extract decreased <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/intermittent-fasting\/\">fasting<\/a> blood glucose levels by 25% after 8 weeks [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/29336718\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2651880\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, its seeds may aid in diabetes management through their high content in soluble fiber [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1168905\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Boswellia\"><a id=\"post-136763-_los101350598\"><\/a>Boswellia<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/boswellia\/\">Boswellia<\/a> gum resin significantly increased blood <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/hdl-cholesterol\/\">HDL<\/a> levels and decreased blood glucose, total and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/ldl-cholesterol\/\">LDL<\/a> cholesterol, triglycerides, liver damage, and glycated hemoglobin after 6-12 weeks in clinical trials of people with type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3929136\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4177622\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In diabetic rats, Boswellia extract reduced blood <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/glucose\/\">glucose<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/cholesterol\/\">cholesterol<\/a>, and triglycerides, and prevented pancreatic cell destruction and complications in the kidneys and liver [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3941871\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17877290\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21831620\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21831620\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Vitamin_D\"><a id=\"post-136763-_cwyd54j4b5hr\"><\/a>Vitamin D<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a clinical trial of people at risk of type 2 diabetes, supplementation with high-dose <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/35proven-health-benefits-vitamin-d-part-1\/\">vitamin D<\/a> prevented this condition by improving insulin sensitivity. Similarly, high doses of this vitamin reduced insulin resistance in pregnant women [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30583032\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23350644\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Collagen\"><a id=\"post-136763-_k0pcnpbxhqxx\"><\/a>Collagen<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>People with type 2 diabetes who took <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/health-benefits-collagen\/\">collagen<\/a> supplements for 3 months had lower blood sugar, blood pressure, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/cholesterol\/\">cholesterol<\/a>, and<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/creatinine\/\"> creatinine<\/a> levels [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20739874\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21164551\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Colostrum\"><a id=\"post-136763-_ci698ag3ookm\"><\/a>Colostrum<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a clinical trial on people with type 2 diabetes, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/colostrum-benefits\/\">colostrum<\/a> supplementation lowered blood sugar, cholesterol, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/ketone-bodies\/\">ketones<\/a>, and triglyceride levels. Similarly, tablets from goat colostrum reduced blood sugar and the required insulin dose in people with type 1 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18602824\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23698202\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Olive_Leaf_Extract\"><a id=\"post-136763-_92qjtnoyfici\"><\/a>Olive Leaf Extract<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a small trial, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/olive-leaf-extract-10-unexpected-health-benefits\/\">olive leaf extract<\/a> (<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/olive-leaf-extract-10-unexpected-health-benefits\/\">oleuropein<\/a>) reduced blood sugar levels after meals by blocking <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/oxidative-stress-101\/\">free radical<\/a> production. In another trial on overweight men, supplementation with olive leaf extract for 12 weeks improved <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin sensitivity<\/a> and the activity of the pancreatic cells that produce this hormone (beta-cells) [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6005585\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3596374\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In diabetic rabbits and mice, olive leaf extract lowered and restored normal blood glucose levels, improved insulin sensitivity, and reduced a marker of oxidative damage (MDA) [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16236331\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4700197\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Holy_Basil_Tulsi\"><a id=\"post-136763-_c0sjr4blpo7r\"><\/a>Holy Basil (Tulsi)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a small study of people with type 2 diabetes, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/27-amazing-health-benefits-tulsi-holy-basil\/\">holy basil<\/a> lowered fasting blood sugar levels by 17.6% and post-meal blood sugar levels by 7.3% [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/8880292\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>In another preliminary clinical trial, powdered holy basil leaves (2x\/day for 3 months), in combination with glibenclamide, reduced fasting blood glucose by 15.6%, postprandial blood glucose by 13.4%, and HbA1c levels by 18.2% compared to glibenclamide alone [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/35902447\/Effect_of_Ocimum_Sanctum_Tulsi_Powder_on_Hyperlipidemic_and_Hyperglycemic_Male_Patients\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>A water-based extract of tulsi decreased blood sugar levels in a study of diabetic rats [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.scirp.org\/journal\/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=44453\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Red_Yeast_Rice\"><a id=\"post-136763-_y2813rrrpi6k\"><\/a>Red Yeast Rice<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/red-yeast-rice\/\">Red yeast rice<\/a> can lower cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood sugar; it also has anti-inflammatory and bone\u2013strengthening effects. Nevertheless, doctors hesitate to prescribe red yeast for metabolic syndrome and diabetes due to citrinin toxicity and an inconsistent chemical profile [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27038957\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26133037\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Ashwagandha\"><a id=\"post-136763-_o4qtrbagcz41\"><\/a>Ashwagandha<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a small trial, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/59-proven-scientific-benefits-ashwagandha-references\/\">Ashwagandha<\/a> decreased blood sugar levels about as effectively as diabetes medication without significant adverse side effects [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/11116534\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Ashwagandha also reduced blood sugar in several animal studies. In some of them, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/hba1c-what-is-it-and-why-is-it-important\/\">HbA1c<\/a> (a measure of long-term blood sugar) and<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\"> insulin<\/a> levels were improved as well. Ashwagandha also protected diabtic animals from pancreatic cell damage and cataracts [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20186490\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18346053\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/app\/uploads\/2017\/12\/17.pdf\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2008.00223.x\/full\"> R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23285670\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12686449\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Jackfruit\"><a id=\"post-136763-_k9e3f6ca6agf\"><\/a>Jackfruit<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a pilot trial, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/jackfruit\/\">jackfruit<\/a> leaf extract taken as a tea improved blood sugar tolerance in healthy people and diabetic patients [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/2056756\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Treatment of healthy and diabetic rats with jackfruit leaf or stem bark extracts lowered<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/intermittent-fasting\/\"> fasting<\/a> blood sugar levels, improved tolerance to sugar, and\/or increased blood<a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\"> insulin<\/a> levels. This antidiabetic activity was due to their high content in flavonoids such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/quercetin-22-scientifically-proven-benefits-quercetin\/\">quercetin<\/a> [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/2276596\">R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21479350\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/20931077\"> R<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/29279019\"> R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24397983\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Clove\"><a id=\"post-136763-_ry9isq3r80z\"><\/a>Clove<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a small tria on healthy volunteers, supplementation with clove extract reduced blood glucose levels both before and after meals. The extract promoted glucose uptake by muscle cells and prevented its production in liver cells [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6503551\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Bay_Leaves\"><a id=\"post-136763-_paip22htq9kn\"><\/a>Bay Leaves<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a clinical trial of people with type 2 diabetes, consumption of capsules containing ground bay leaves reduced blood glucose by 21-26% after 30 days [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2613499\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Fig\"><a id=\"post-136763-_z7zo3bibnr71\"><\/a>Fig<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a small trial of people with type 1 diabetes, a tea made from fig leaves reduced blood sugar levels after meals and insulin requirements [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/9597370\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Brewers_Yeast\"><a id=\"post-136763-_ongr2daqsdim\"><\/a>Brewer\u2019s Yeast<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Preliminary clinical research suggests that taking <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/benefits-brewers-yeast\/\">brewer&#8217;s yeast<\/a> with chromium for 8 weeks can reduce fasting after-meal glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes. <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/benefits-brewers-yeast\/\">Brewer&#8217;s<\/a> yeast also reduced the need for diabetes medication such as glibenclamide [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/11376359\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Tribulus\"><a id=\"post-136763-_owqhn4t3z0fi\"><\/a>Tribulus<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a trial of women with type 2 diabetes, 1 g\/day of <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/tribulus-terrestris-benefits\/\">tribulus<\/a> for three months reduced fasting blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/hba1c-what-is-it-and-why-is-it-important\/\">HbA1c<\/a>) [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5103558\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Agaricus_Blazei\"><a id=\"post-136763-_kpky0j5qo58l\"><\/a>Agaricus Blazei<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a clinical trial of people with type 2 diabetes, supplementation with <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/can-agaricus-blazei-fight-coronavirus-covid-19\/\"><em>Agaricus blazei<\/em><\/a> for 12 weeks improved insulin resistance [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17309383\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Histidine-2\"><a id=\"post-136763-_ue67i0itjoep\"><\/a>Histidine<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In a clinical trial on obese women with metabolic syndrome, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/histidine\/\">histidine<\/a> supplementation significantly decreased insulin resistance [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23361591\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Glucosamine\"><a id=\"post-136763-_lhtpyy5e2m4v\"><\/a>Glucosamine<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A large-scale study associated the use of <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/glucosamine\/\">glucosamine<\/a> supplements with a reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31988063\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>However, it\u2019s important to note that glucosamine may interfere with glucose metabolism because the structure of both molecules is similar. Although it had no effects on diabetic patients with controlled sugar levels, it may raise blood glucose in people with untreated diabetes or insulin resistance [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/12860582\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16569816\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15135147\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1798503\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Learn_More\">Learn More<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/fasting-blood-glucose-test\/\">Fasting Blood Sugar: Normal, High, &amp; Low + Ways to Improve<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/insulin-101\/\">7 Benefits of Insulin &amp; 2 Negative Effects<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/factors-affecting-hba1c-how-to-optimize-hba1c-levels\/\">Ways to Lower Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><strong>In the following sections, we\u2019ll outline complementary approaches that may help lower your blood sugar levels. The below strategies are not meant to replace your standard medical treatment. Make sure to consult with your doctor before making any significant changes to your day-to-day routine.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Lifestyle\"><a id=\"post-136763-_uz76gcsjdtwn\"><\/a>Lifestyle\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"Maintaining_a_Healthy_Weight\"><a id=\"post-136763-_fiziqkjvweqn\"><\/a>Maintaining a Healthy Weight<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Being overweight or obese is the number one risk factor for high blood sugar levels, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-tips-for-fixing-insulin-resistance\/\">insulin resistance<\/a>, and type 2 diabetes. Even a slight weight reduction can be beneficial [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3896971\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2857968\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5829255\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>The single most important thing that can help you <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/a-comprehensive-list-of-effective-ways-to-lose-weight\/\">lose weight<\/a> is to consume fewer calories. Multiple studies show the effectiveness of calorie restriction in lowering blood glucose and insulin resistance [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/10102702\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4686951\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2677812\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4548160\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Exercise\"><a id=\"post-136763-_evdg0bwp9ua4\"><\/a>Exercise<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/top-14-proven-health-benefits-exercise-references-mechanisms\/\">Physical activity<\/a> is a great way to manage blood glucose levels, and it gets more effective with increased intensity and duration. Muscle activity burns glucose for energy and makes cells more sensitive to insulin [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3781559\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3587394\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26853238\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5510106\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30553010\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Managing_Stress\"><a id=\"post-136763-_6o6wwags9k4a\"><\/a>Managing Stress<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/63-factors-raising-stress-cortisol-level-backed-science\/\">Stress<\/a> increases the levels of hormones such as <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/need-know-cortisol-health-effects\/\">cortisol<\/a> and inflammatory cytokines. This results in reduced insulin production, higher insulin resistance, and increased sugar craving, ultimately leading to higher blood glucose levels [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28244581\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21883440\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23092890\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3672537\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Sunlight_Exposure\"><a id=\"post-136763-_4nmkr423i0w7\"><\/a>Sunlight Exposure<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/35proven-health-benefits-vitamin-d-part-1\/\">Vitamin D<\/a> deficiency has been associated with insulin resistance, prediabetes, type 1 and 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6520736\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27089407\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24050711\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3631845\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>Vitamin D receptors are present in the pancreas, increasing insulin secretion and sensitivity [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/2705637\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<p>A moderate exposure to <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/avoiding-sun-will-kill-14-proven-science-based-health-benefits-sun\/\">sunlight<\/a> is the best way of increasing your blood vitamin D levels. In mice fed a <a href=\"http:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/low-carb-diet-vs-high-carb-diet\/\">high-fat diet<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/avoiding-sun-will-kill-14-proven-science-based-health-benefits-sun\/\">UV<\/a> exposure (but not vitamin D supplementation) lowered weight gain, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25342734\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Yoga\"><a id=\"post-136763-_b8vm4jz4lqim\"><\/a>Yoga<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/health-benefits-yoga\/\">Yoga<\/a> reduced fasting and post-meal glucose levels and improved blood fat profile in multiple clinical trials on people with or at risk of type 2 diabetes, especially if combined with adequate treatment [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4987461\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5713721\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29685823\/\">R<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5334310\/\">R<\/a>].<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Quitting_Smoking\"><a id=\"post-136763-_bzpi3ylwdq2i\"><\/a>Quitting Smoking<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Smoking has been clearly associated with higher glycated <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/blog\/hemoglobin-good-bad-lab-tests-normal-values-reference-ranges\/\">hemoglobin<\/a>, a marker of long-term exposure to glucose that indicates<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14687,"featured_media":136765,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[274],"tags":[35445],"yst_prominent_words":[1088,6531,25233,25232,1035,635,505,18310,2038,14778,9440,9439,515,529,593,1763,1087,1076,6523,21477],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/136763"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14687"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=136763"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/136763\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":171945,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/136763\/revisions\/171945"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/136765"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=136763"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=136763"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=136763"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/selfhacked.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=136763"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}